Abstract: Methods and apparatus for enhancing the definition of television images in real-time is presented. Television video signals are digitized and processed, preferably through 3-D filtering, to increase the number of pixels per line, horizontal lines per frame, and frames per second and provide an output in progressive-scan format. The system accepts an interlaced scanned image of any transmission standard (NTSC, PAL, etc.), and can be adapted to work on progressively scanned images or digitally stored/transmitted images in real-time or off-line.

Abstract: An apparatus for 2-D filtering a raster scanned image at high real-time rates such as those required for HDTV, with either IIR of FIR structures, without the need for expensive digital systems that require A/D and D/A converters. The wide variety of 2-D signal processing techniques (e.g. high pass filtering) that are based on a 2-D transfer function of general order can be implemented. The use of a semi-systolic structure allows a number of advantages for VLSI implementation such as modularity, regularity and high parallelism. Use of analog components in the processing elements of the apparatus makes high-speed operation for real-time applications in HDTV possible. The apparatus is applicable to TV imaging in general including such areas as advanced television systems, industrial and biomedical video systems.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for realizing true 2-D analog filtering structures of either IIR or FIR type in hardware using only analog devices and line delays. The wide variety of 2-D signal processing techniques that are based on a 2-D transfer function of general order can be implemented. 2-D analog filters are realized in hardware that can directly operate on a raster scanned image without the need for expensive frame stores, A/D and D/A converters. The high-speed operation inherent in the analog nature of the processing makes possible real-time operation at the high data rates of analog raster scanned images, even at high pixel resolution as in HDTV. Many applications involving TV imaging in such areas as advanced television systems, industrial and biomedical video systems are possible.