Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the formation of a reaction product on a surface are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of the retention of a fluid by a surface in a relatively high amount. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, agriculture. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water retention on hydrophobic surfaces of plants. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, result in the formation of reaction products on a surface that serve to prevent fluids from being removed from the surface. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as high surface energies and wind.

Abstract: Methods related to forming reaction products on surfaces are generally provided. Some methods comprise applying first and second polyelectrolytes in first and second polyelectrolyte carrier fluids to a surface. The first and second polyelectrolytes may be different, and the first and second carrier fluids may be the same or different. Some methods comprise forming a mixture of the first and second polyelectrolytes in a mixture carrier fluid that comprises the first and/or second carrier fluids. The first and second polyelectrolyte may be removed from the mixture carrier fluid to form a reaction product on the surface. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid comprises a salt with a molecular weight of less than or equal to 1 kg/mol at a concentration within the mixture carrier fluid of from 0.01 M to 0.5 M. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid has a turbidity of greater than or equal to 10 NTU and a viscosity of less than or equal to 1 Pa*s.

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: An example of a panel for use in collecting fluid in a gas stream includes a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The panel may include an emitter electrode assembly member comprising an emitter electrode frame and one or more emitter electrodes attached to the emitter electrode frame (e.g., disposed in a one- or two-dimensional array). The one or more emitter electrodes may be physically separated from the one or more collection electrodes. The fluid collection member may be physically connected to the emitter electrode assembly member. The one or more collection electrodes may be electrically insulated from the one or more emitter electrodes.

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the collection of a species from a gas stream are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of a species such as a fluid (e.g., water) with a relatively high collection efficiency. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, fog collection. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water collection from airborne fog to produce usable water. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, incorporate ions into the gas stream such that the species present in the gas stream follows electric field lines and/or are attracted to a grounded (or charged) collector. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as the velocity and direction of the wind.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the formation of a reaction product on a surface are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of the retention of a fluid by a surface in a relatively high amount. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, agriculture. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water retention on hydrophobic surfaces of plants. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, result in the formation of reaction products on a surface that serve to prevent fluids from being removed from the surface. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as high surface energies and wind.

Abstract: Methods related to forming reaction products on surfaces are generally provided. Some methods comprise applying first and second polyelectrolytes in first and second polyelectrolyte carrier fluids to a surface. The first and second polyelectrolytes may be different, and the first and second carrier fluids may be the same or different. Some methods comprise forming a mixture of the first and second polyelectrolytes in a mixture carrier fluid that comprises the first and/or second carrier fluids. The first and second polyelectrolyte may be removed from the mixture carrier fluid to form a reaction product on the surface. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid comprises a salt with a molecular weight of less than or equal to 1 kg/mol at a concentration within the mixture carrier fluid of from 0.01 M to 0.5 M. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid has a turbidity of greater than or equal to 10 NTU and a viscosity of less than or equal to 1 Pa*s.

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a panel for use in collecting fluid in a gas stream includes a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The panel may include an emitter electrode assembly member comprising an emitter electrode frame and one or more emitter electrodes attached to the emitter electrode frame (e.g., disposed in a one- or two-dimensional array). The one or more emitter electrodes may be physically separated from the one or more collection electrodes. The fluid collection member may be physically connected to the emitter electrode assembly member. The one or more collection electrodes may be electrically insulated from the one or more emitter electrodes.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the formation of a reaction product on a surface are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of the retention of a fluid by a surface in a relatively high amount. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, agriculture. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water retention on hydrophobic surfaces of plants. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, result in the formation of reaction products on a surface that serve to prevent fluids from being removed from the surface. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as high surface energies and wind.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the collection of a species from a gas stream are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of a species such as a fluid (e.g., water) with a relatively high collection efficiency. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, fog collection. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water collection from airborne fog to produce usable water. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, incorporate ions into the gas stream such that the species present in the gas stream follows electric field lines and/or are attracted to a grounded (or charged) collector. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as the velocity and direction of the wind.

Abstract: Methods related to forming reaction products on surfaces are generally provided. Some methods comprise applying first and second polyelectrolytes in first and second polyelectrolyte carrier fluids to a surface. The first and second polyelectrolytes may be different, and the first and second carrier fluids may be the same or different. Some methods comprise forming a mixture of the first and second polyelectrolytes in a mixture carrier fluid that comprises the first and/or second carrier fluids. The first and second polyelectrolyte may be removed from the mixture carrier fluid to form a reaction product on the surface. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid comprises a salt with a molecular weight of less than or equal to 1 kg/mol at a concentration within the mixture carrier fluid of from 0.01 M to 0.5 M. In some embodiments, the mixture carrier fluid has a turbidity of greater than or equal to 10 NTU and a viscosity of less than or equal to 1 Pa*s.

Abstract: Methods related to depositing oil on surfaces and methods related to contacting surfaces at least partially covered by oil with droplets are generally provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the collection of a species from a gas stream are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of a species such as a fluid (e.g., water) with a relatively high collection efficiency. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, fog collection. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water collection from airborne to produce usable water. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, incorporate ions into the gas stream such that the species present in the gas stream follows electric field lines and/or are attracted to a grounded (or charged) collector. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as the velocity and direction of the wind.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the formation of a reaction product on a surface are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of the retention of a fluid by a surface in a relatively high amount. Such systems and methods may be useful in various applications including, for example, agriculture. In some embodiments, the systems and methods enhance water retention on hydrophobic surfaces of plants. Advantageously, the methods described herein may, in some cases, result in the formation of reaction products on a surface that serve to prevent fluids from being removed from the surface. Advantageously, the systems and methods described herein may suppress the adverse effects of natural conditions such as high surface energies and wind.