Abstract: A system for measuring moisture in soil below the ground surface comprises at least one passive microwave sensor device configured to measure natural thermal emissions from the soil and output a data signal and a processing circuit operably coupled to the at least one passive microwave sensor wherein the processing circuit is configured to receive the data signal and compile a soil moisture profile. The system further comprises a wide-band antenna wherein the at least one passive microwave sensor is located therein and an elongate horizontal mounting frame extending between first and second ends wherein the first end is securable to a mobile agricultural device and wherein the wide-band antenna is secured to the second end so as to position the wide-band antenna at a distance above the ground surface.

Abstract: A system and method can determine the position of a tag antenna relative to a plurality of spaced apart fixed base antennae using ultrawideband signals by using an angle of arrival determined by time of arrival of an ultrawideband signal from the tag antenna to disambiguate a differential phase angle of arrival measured from the differential phase of the ultrawideband signal between the two base antennae. Accordingly, a non-ambiguous phase angle of arrival of the ultrawideband signal from the tag antenna may be used with a range of the tag antenna measured by one or more methods including by 2-way time of flight, to determine the position of the tag antenna relative to the base antennae. The system and method can also use a plurality of pairs of antennae to determine a 3D position of the tag antenna.

Abstract: A system for measuring moisture in soil below the ground surface comprises at least one passive microwave sensor device configured to measure natural thermal emissions from the soil and output a data signal and a processing circuit operably coupled to the at least one passive microwave sensor wherein the processing circuit is configured to receive the data signal and compile a soil moisture profile. The system further comprises a wide-band antenna wherein the at least one passive microwave sensor is located therein and an elongate horizontal mounting frame extending between first and second ends wherein the first end is securable to a mobile agricultural device and wherein the wide-band antenna is secured to the second end so as to position the wide-band antenna at a distance above the ground surface.

Abstract: A system for measuring moisture in soil below the ground surface comprises at least one passive microwave sensor device configured to measure natural thermal emissions from the soil and output a data signal and a processing circuit operably coupled to the at least one passive microwave sensor wherein the processing circuit is configured to receive the data signal and compile a soil moisture profile. The system further comprises a wide-band antenna wherein the at least one passive microwave sensor is located therein and an elongate horizontal mounting frame extending between first and second ends wherein the first end is securable to a mobile agricultural device and wherein the wide-band antenna is secured to the second end so as to position the wide-band antenna at a distance above the ground surface.

Abstract: A system for measuring moisture in soil below the ground surface comprises at least one passive microwave sensor device configured to measure natural thermal emissions from the soil and output a data signal and a processing circuit operably coupled to the at least one passive microwave sensor wherein the processing circuit is configured to receive the data signal and compile a soil moisture profile. The system further comprises a wide-band antenna wherein the at least one passive microwave sensor is located therein and an elongate horizonal mounting frame extending between first and second ends wherein the first end is securable to a mobile agricultural device and wherein the wide-band antenna is secured to the second end so as to position the wide-band antenna at a distance above the ground surface.

Abstract: A system and method can determine the position of a tag antenna relative to a plurality of spaced apart fixed base antennae using ultrawideband signals by using an angle of arrival determined by time of arrival of an ultrawideband signal from the tag antenna to disambiguate a differential phase angle of arrival measured from the differential phase of the ultrawideband signal between the two base antennae. Accordingly, a non-ambiguous phase angle of arrival of the ultrawideband signal from the tag antenna may be used with a range of the tag antenna measured by one or more methods including by 2-way time of flight, to determine the position of the tag antenna relative to the base antennae. The system and method can also use a plurality of pairs of antennae to determine a 3D position of the tag antenna.