Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the toner is molded into a plate upon application of a pressure of 478 kg/cm2, the toner plate has a surface having a coefficient of static friction of from 0.20 to 0.40. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, an image developer to form a toner image on the image bearing member, an image transferer configured to transfer the toner image on a receiving material and a fixer configured to fix the toner image thereon, wherein the apparatus has a waiting time not longer than 15 seconds, and a maximum power consumption not greater than 1.5 KW and 30 W in an image forming state and in a standby state, respectively, wherein the toner is the toner mentioned above.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the toner is molded into a plate upon application of a pressure of 478 kg/cm2, the toner plate has a surface having a coefficient of static friction of from 0.20 to 0.40. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, an image developer to form a toner image on the image bearing member, an image transferer configured to transfer the toner image on a receiving material and a fixer configured to fix the toner image thereon, wherein the apparatus has a waiting time not longer than 15 seconds, and a maximum power consumption not greater than 1.5 KW and 30 W in an image forming state and in a standby state, respectively, wherein the toner is the toner mentioned above.

Abstract: A toner for developing latent electrostatic images is in the form of particles prepared by dissolving or dispersing each component of a composition in an organic solvent to form a solution or dispersion, the composition containing at least a resin reactive with a compound having an active hydrogen group, a compound having an active hydrogen group, a coloring agent, a releasing agent, and a graft polymer C of a polyolefin resin A on which a vinyl resin B has been at least partially grafted; dispersing the solution or dispersion in an aqueous medium; reacting the reactive resin with the compound having an active hydrogen group; removing the organic solvent during or after the step of reacting; and washing and drying particles formed by removing the organic solvent.

Abstract: A two component developer comprising a magnetic toner containing a binder resin and a magnetic particle, and a magnetic carrier containing a magnetic particle, wherein the magnetic toner has an average particle diameter of 4.0 to 10.0 &mgr;m, and contains 5 to 80 No. % of toner particles having particle diameter of 5 &mgr;m or less, and exhibits magnetization of 10 to 25 emu/g under magnetic field of 5 kiloersteds.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the toner is molded into a plate upon application of a pressure of 478 kg/cm2, the toner plate has a surface having a coefficient of static friction of from 0.20 to 0.40. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, an image developer to form a toner image on the image bearing member, an image transferer configured to transfer the toner image on a receiving material and a fixer configured to fix the toner image thereon, wherein the apparatus has a waiting time not longer than 15 seconds, and a maximum power consumption not greater than 1.5 KW and 30 W in an image forming state and in a standby state, respectively, wherein the toner is the toner mentioned above.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the toner is molded into a plate upon application of a pressure of 478 kg/cm2, the toner plate has a surface having a coefficient of static friction of from 0.20 to 0.40. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, an image developer to form a toner image on the image bearing member, an image transferer configured to transfer the toner image on a receiving material and a fixer configured to fix the toner image thereon, wherein the apparatus has a waiting time not longer than 15 seconds, and a maximum power consumption not greater than 1.5 KW and 30 W in an image forming state and in a standby state, respectively, wherein the toner is the toner mentioned above.

Abstract: A toner is used in an image forming process employing a toner recycling system and contains at least a modified polyester resin, a coloring agent, and a releasing agent. The toner has a volume-average particle diameter Dv, a number-average particle diameter Dn and a shape factor SF-1, wherein Dv is in a range from 4.0 &mgr;m to 6.0 &mgr;m, the ratio Dv/Dn of Dv to Dn is in a range from 1.00 to 1.30, and the shape factor SF-1 is in a range from 140 to 200.

Abstract: A dry toner contains at least a toner binder, organic fine particles, a colorant, a wax, a charge control agent, and an external additive. The wax is concentrated in the vicinity of a toner core including the toner binder, colorant and wax. The organic fine particles adhere to the surface of the toner core to form a base toner-particle, the fine particle of charge control agent adhere to the surface of the base toner-particle, and the external additive is located on the surface thereof.

Abstract: A method for developing an electrostatic latent image, including forming a magnet brush of a developer including a toner and a carrier on a developing sleeve including a main magnet and auxiliary magnets; and developing the electrostatic latent image with the magnet brush to form a toner image at a rubbing region, wherein the magnetic flux density in a normal line direction, half width, and attenuation ratio of the main magnet and the angle between the main magnet and auxiliary magnets are specified, and the magnetic sleeve has specific grooves thereon, and wherein the toner has a volume average particle diameter of from 4.0 to 7.0 &mgr;m, and includes fine particles having a circle equivalent diameter not greater than 2 &mgr;m in an amount not greater than 20% by number.

Abstract: In a copier which is an image-forming apparatus comprising a photoconductor 1, a developing apparatus 4, transfer apparatus 5 which transfers a toner image formed on the photoconductor 1 to a transfer material by heat and pressure using a transfer roller 52, and a fixing apparatus which fixes the toner image transferred to the transfer material, on the transfer material, a heater 56, temperature detection apparatus 57 and temperature control apparatus are provided which controls the temperature to within a range of from the glass transition temperature (Tg) to the softening temperature (Tm) of the toner, and lower than the fixing temperature of the fixing apparatus 7.

Abstract: A toner for developing a latent electrostatic image including a base of toner particle which contains a binder resin and a coloring agent, and an external additive. Herein, a plurality of the base of toner particle has a volume average particle diameter (Dv) of 3 &mgr;m to 7 &mgr;m, a ratio (Dv/Dn) of the volume average particle diameter (Dv) to a number average particle diameter (Dn) is 1.01 to 1.25, a plurality of the base of toner particle contains 15% by number or less of the base of toner particle having a particle diameter of 0.6 &mgr;m to 2.0 &mgr;m, a plurality of the base of toner particle has a circularity of 0.930 to 0.990 on average, the binder resin contains a modified polyester resin, and the toner contains 0.3 parts by weight to 5.0 parts by weight of the external additive, relative to 100 parts by weight of the base of toner particle.

Abstract: An image forming toner is provided, including at least: a binder resin; a colorant; and a release agent, wherein a volume-average particle diameter of the toner measured by a Coulter counter is from 5 to 8 &mgr;m; the content of the toner having a volume-average particle diameter of not greater than 5 &mgr;m is 60 to 75% by number; and the content of the toner having a number-basis circle-equivalent particle diameter of from 0.6 to 3 &mgr;m measured by a flow-type particle image analyzer is not greater than 25%.

Abstract: An image forming method and apparatus, wherein a surface of a photoconductor is charged with a contact-type charging roller having a surface roughness of 2-40 &mgr;m, and exposed imagewise to form an electrostatic latent image thereon, the latent image being developed with a toner, transferred to a transfer member and fixed, and wherein the toner comprises a colorant, and a binder resin containing a tetrahydrofuran-soluble component having such a molecular weight distribution that at least one peak having a half width not greater than 15,000 is present between 1,000 and 10,000 when measured by gel permeation chromatography.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, comprising a colorant, a releasing agent and a binder resin, wherein said binder resin comprises a first, non-linear resin, a second, linear resin, and a modified wax comprising a wax moiety and a vinyl polymer moiety having an ester group content of 8 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the vinyl polymer moiety.

Abstract: A two-component developer includes at least a magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier. The magnetic toner has magnetic particles coated with a carbon black layer. The magnetic toner adheres to the magnetic carrier due to the magnetic interaction.

Abstract: A developing device of the present invention uses a developer containing magnetic toner grains and includes a main pole for development disposed in a sleeve. Flux density generated by the magnetic pole in a direction normal to the surface of the sleeve outside of the surface has an attenuation ratio of 50% or above. The toner grains have a weight mean grain size of 6.0 &mgr;m to 8.0 &mgr;m while the toner grains having grain sizes of 5 &mgr;m and below occupy 40 number % to 80 number % of the entire developer. The toner grains have magnetization strength of 10 emu/g to 25 emu/g in a magnetic field of 5 kOe or magnetization strength of 7 emu/g to 20 emu/g in a magnetic field of 1 kOe. The toner grains reduce toner scattering and image defects despite that they are magnetic, thereby implementing ultrahigh resolution, image reproducibility.

Abstract: A developing device developing a latent image on a latent image carrier with a developer, and including a casing having an opening facing the latent image carrier and a developer carrier. Also included is a magnetic field generating device including a first magnetic pole generating a magnetic field causing the developer to rise on the developer carrier in a form of a magnet brush in a developing region, and a second magnetic pole generating a magnetic field at a downstream side of the first magnetic pole in a rotating direction of the developer carrier. Further, a toner-scattering restraining device is provided on an end portion of the casing at the downstream side of the developing region, and a magnetic member provided on a side of the toner-scattering restraining device facing the latent image carrier. A peak of a magnetic flux density set by the second magnetic pole in its normal direction is located outside of the opening.

Abstract: A toner including at least a binder resin; a colorant; a charge controlling agent; and a wax (B), in which the charge controlling agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of: an aromatic oxycarboxylic acids, derivatives of aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, salts of aromatic oxycarboxylic acids and salts of derivatives of aromatic oxycarboxylic acids; and a zirconium compound (A), and in which the zirconium compound (A) and the wax (B) have a weight ratio (A/B) satisfying the following relationship:

Abstract: A two component developer comprising a magnetic toner containing a binder resin and a magnetic particle, and a magnetic carrier containing a magnetic particle, wherein the magnetic toner has an average particle diameter of 4.0 to 10.0 &mgr;m, and contains 5 to 80 No. % of toner particles having particle diameter of 5 &mgr;m or less, and exhibits magnetization of 10 to 25 emu/g under magnetic field of 5 kiloersteds.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a photoconductor, and a developing unit having a developing sleeve for carrying a developer and a developer regulating plate for regulating the amount of the developer carried on the sleeve, wherein the developer is composed of a carrier and a toner, wherein that portion of the toner which has a particle diameter of 2.0-4.0 &mgr;m accounts for 30-70% of a total number thereof, and wherein the developer regulating plate is grounded so that when the developing sleeve is applied with a bias voltage, an electric field is formed between the developer regulating plate and the developing sleeve, whereby toner deposits on the developing sleeve are transferred to the developer regulating plate.