Abstract: Coating compositions are provided that include water-dispersible acrylic polyol resin. The coating compositions may be applied to a surface such as acrylic, polyester, ceramic, metal, porcelain, glass, and vitreous china. The coating compositions have a viscosity of about 500 mPas or less, a VOC level of about 150 grams per liter VOCs or less, a pot life of about 180 minutes or less, and a cure time of about 48 hours or less after application to a substrate to form a dry film thickness of about 1 to about 6 mils. The coating compositions provide a coating having a hardness of about 2B to 5H as defined by ASTM D3363.

Abstract: In the present disclosure!, there is disclosed an epoxy resin formulation for the manufacturing of large and thick composite structures, said formulation comprising i) at least one epoxy resin in a weight proportion varying between 50 parts to 70 parts; (ii) at least one hardening agent in a weight proportion varying between 21 phr to 29 phr; (iii) at least one diluent in a weight proportion varying between 10 phr to 40 phr; and (iv) N,N?dimethylaminopropylamine as an accelerator in a weight proportion varying between 0.5 phr to 3.0 phr. The formulation is used in the manufacturing of large and thick composite structures by employing Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding Process.

Abstract: A method of controlling fuel injection in a dual fuel engine system includes determining, with a first controller, a diesel injection pulse indicative of a first amount of diesel fuel to be injected into a combustion chamber of the engine and a first timing at which the first amount of diesel fuel is to be injected. The method also includes determining, with a second controller, a combined injection pulse based on the diesel injection pulse. The method further includes injecting the second amount of diesel fuel and the third amount of natural gas into the combustion chamber in accordance with the combined injection pulse. In such a method, injection in accordance with the combined injection pulse results in a combustion event characterized by a second combustion characteristic substantially equal to a first combustion characteristic associated with the diesel injection pulse.

Abstract: In the present disclosure!, there is disclosed an epoxy resin formulation for the manufacturing of large and thick composite structures, said formulation comprising i) at least one epoxy resin in a weight proportion varying between 50 parts to 70 parts; (ii) at least one hardening agent in a weight proportion varying between 21 phr to 29 phr; (iii) at least one diluent in a weight proportion varying between 10 phr to 40 phr; and (iv) N,N?dimethylaminopropylamine as an accelerator in a weight proportion varying between 0.5 phr to 3.0 phr. The formulation is used in the manufacturing of large and thick composite structures by employing Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding Process.

Abstract: A method of controlling fuel injection in a dual fuel engine system includes determining, with a first controller, a diesel injection pulse indicative of a first amount of diesel fuel to be injected into a combustion chamber of the engine and a first timing at which the first amount of diesel fuel is to be injected. The method also includes determining, with a second controller, a combined injection pulse based on the diesel injection pulse. The method further includes injecting the second amount of diesel fuel and the third amount of natural gas into the combustion chamber in accordance with the combined injection pulse. In such a method, injection in accordance with the combined injection pulse results in a combustion event characterized by a second combustion characteristic substantially equal to a first combustion characteristic associated with the diesel injection pulse.

Abstract: A method of controlling fuel injection in a dual fuel engine system includes determining, with a first controller, a diesel injection pulse indicative of a first amount of diesel fuel to be injected into a combustion chamber of the engine and a first timing at which the first amount of diesel fuel is to be injected. The method also includes determining, with a second controller, a combined injection pulse based on the diesel injection pulse. The method further includes injecting the second amount of diesel fuel and the third amount of natural gas into the combustion chamber in accordance with the combined injection pulse. In such a method, injection in accordance with the combined injection pulse results in a combustion event characterized by a second combustion characteristic substantially equal to a first combustion characteristic associated with the diesel injection pulse.

Abstract: Plastisols and organosols are provided that include plasticizers that include mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol. The plasticizers are good solvators for polyvinyl chloride and impart low plastisol and organosol viscosities.

Abstract: Novel ester compositions are prepared by reacting 1) at least one diol, glycol or oligomeric glycol with 2) a mixture of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid and at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The compositions are effective plasticizers for a variety of polymers, particularly those employed in water-borne adhesives. The freezing point of the present ester mixtures and their efficacy as plasticizers and other types of additives and/or modifiers for a variety of polymer compositions can be varied by adjusting the relative concentrations of the aromatic and aliphatic acids used to prepare the ester composition.

Abstract: Plastisols and organosols are provided that include plasticizers that include mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol. The plasticizers are good solvators for polyvinyl chloride and impart low plastisol and organosol viscosities.

Abstract: Plastisols and organosols are provided that include plasticizers that include mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol. The plasticizers are good solvators for polyvinyl chloride and impart low plastisol and organosol viscosities.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided that includes plastisols and organosols having reduced viscosities and which provide desirable physical properties in films or shaped articles formed from the polymer compositions. The polymer composition includes a finely divided polymer and a liquid phase comprising at least one high solvating plasticizer. The polymer composition includes at least one surfactant having a hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 12 or more.

Abstract: Plastisols and organosols are provided that include plasticizers that include mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol. The plasticizers are good solvators for polyvinyl chloride and impart low plastisol and organosol viscosities.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions are provided that include plasticizers that include mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol. The aqueous polymer dispersions have enhanced film-forming properties and are useful as aqueous coatings, sealants, adhesives, polishes, films and inks. The plasticizers may be used with any of the organic polymers conventionally used in aqueous film-forming compositions, including polyvinyl acetate, copolymers of vinyl acetate with ethylene or other olefins, acrylic polymers, acrylic/styrene copolymers, polyesters, polyurethanes, elastomeric styrene/butadiene copolymers and neoprene and are compatible with other plasticizers and coalescents.

Abstract: In addition to acting as effective plasticizers, certain acid, carboxylate and hydroxyl-functional liquid polyesters that are liquid at 25° C. can be used as at least partial replacements for the more volatile organic compounds conventionally used as coalescents and/or property enhancers in aqueous film-forming compositions. The resultant compositions exhibit reduced VOC values relative to prior art compositions exhibiting comparable levels of application and coating properties.

Abstract: Novel solid benzoate ester compositions are mixtures comprising the trans- and cis-structural isomers of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol dibenzoate wherein the trans isomer constitutes from 1 to 66 or from 72 to 99 weight percent of the mixture. The properties imparted to a variety of polymer compositions, including hot melt adhesives, cannot be achieved using the commercially available mixture of these isomers.

Abstract: Novel ester compositions are prepared by reacting 1) at least one diol, glycol or oligomeric glycol with 2) a mixture of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid and at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The compositions are effective plasticizers for a variety of polymers, particularly those employed in water-borne adhesives. The freezing point of the present ester mixtures and their efficacy as plasticizers and other types of additives and/or modifiers for a variety of polymer compositions can be varied by adjusting the relative concentrations of the aromatic and aliphatic acids used to prepare the ester composition.

Abstract: Ester compositions based on blends of the mono- and dibenzoates of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol and containing a minimum of 87 weight percent of the dibenzoate are novel and exhibit viscosities that are unexpectedly high relative to the benzoates of other mono- and polyfunctional alcohols. These viscosities are not exhibited at lower concentrations of the dibenzoate.

Abstract: Foamable compositions based on rigid organic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride contain as the plasticizer a blend of a) a liquid oligomeric ester of phthalic acid, at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof; and b) a total of at least 15 weight percent, based on total plasticizer, of at least one ester of benzoic acid and/or an alkyl-substituted benzoic acid.

Abstract: Foamable compositions based on rigid organic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride contain as the plasticizer a blend of a) a liquid oligomeric ester of phthalic acid, at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof; and b) a total of at least 15 weight percent, based on total plasticizer, of at least one ester of benzoic acid and/or an alkyl-substituted benzoic acid.

Abstract: Mixtures of chlorendic anhydride and maleic anhydride that are completely free of liquid hydrocarbons and liquid halohydrocarbons without the need for any purification are novel and are prepared by reacting hexachlorocyclopentadiene with a stoichiometric excess of maleic anhydride in the absence of solvents. The process is useful for preparing other Diels-Alder reaction products from maleic anhydride.