Abstract: This storage apparatus has a controller for controlling, upon receiving a read request regarding data of the snapshot image of a prescribed generation from the host system, the reading of the data of the operational volume or the differential data of the pool volume as data of a snapshot image of a corresponding generation based on the generation of the snapshot and the storage destination of data of the snapshot image managed by the snapshot management unit; wherein the controller performs control so as to store the data stored in the operational volume as replication data in the pool volume when reading the data from the operational volume, and read the replication data stored in the pool volume when rereading the data stored in the operational volume.

Abstract: There are provided a mercury-free metal halide lamp which is improved in light flux rising immediately after starting, more practical and suitable for a headlight, and a metal halide lamp lighting device and a headlight using this. The metal halide lamp according to the present invention comprises: a translucent air-tight container having an inner volume which is not grater than 0.1 cc, including an enclosure portion forming an inner space having a flat surface on a bottom surface, and having a ratio D/L satisfying the following expression: 0.25 ? D/L ? 0.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes a translucent air tight vessel having a light emitting tube portion with an internal discharge space, and sealing portions formed on both sides. A discharge medium in the discharge space contains at least metal halide and rare gas. A pair of electrodes, one ends of which are sealed at sealing portion and the other end of which are arranged in the discharge space facing each other. The discharge space has a nearly circular shape in a cross section perpendicular to the tube axis and has a structure in which the discharge medium is accumulated between the electrodes. The light emitting tube portion has a wall thickness of a lower portion thinner than that of an upper portion. The metal halide lamp has a high luminous efficiency, a quick rise of light flux and an easy manufacturing ability.

Abstract: This storage apparatus has a controller for controlling, upon receiving a read request regarding data of the snapshot image of a prescribed generation from the host system, the reading of the data of the operational volume or the differential data of the pool volume as data of a snapshot image of a corresponding generation based on the generation of the snapshot and the storage destination of data of the snapshot image managed by the snapshot management unit; wherein the controller performs control so as to store the data stored in the operational volume as replication data in the pool volume when reading the data from the operational volume, and read the replication data stored in the pool volume when rereading the data stored in the operational volume.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes a fire-resistant and translucent hermetic vessel containing amounts of scandium halide and sodium halide sealed in the hermetic vessel satisfying the formula of 0.25<a/(a+b)<0.5, where reference character “a” denotes the mass of scandium halide and reference character “b” denotes the mass of sodium halide.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp comprises a discharge container including a discharge space and a pair of sealing sections. A discharge medium containing a metal halide and a rare gas and essentially free from mercury is sealed in the discharge container. A pair of electrodes are arranged to face each other within the discharge space, and the side edge portions on the side of the proximal end portion of these electrodes are held by the sealing sections. The amount of water contained in the metal halide, i.e., the light-emitting material, included in the metal halide lamp essentially free from mercury, i.e., Hg-less metal halide lamp, is controlled to 50 ppm or less.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes a translucent air tight vessel 1 having a light emitting tube portion 11, in which a discharge space 13 is formed, and sealing portions 121, 122 formed on both sides of the light emitting tube portion 11. A discharge medium is enclosed in the discharge space 13 containing at least metal halide and rare gas. A pair of electrodes 31, 32, one ends of which are sealed at sealing portion 121, 122 and the other end of which are arranged in the discharge space 13 facing to each other. The discharge space 13 has a nearly circular shape in a cross section perpendicular to the tube axis and has a structure in which the discharge medium 14 is accumulated between the pair of electrodes 31, 32. The light emitting tube portion 11 is so formed as the wall thickness of a lower portion is thinner than that of an upper portion.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp comprises a discharge container including a discharge space and a pair of sealing sections. A discharge medium containing a metal halide and a rare gas and essentially free from mercury is sealed in the discharge container. A pair of electrodes are arranged to face each other within the discharge space, and the side edge portions on the side of the proximal end portion of these electrodes are held by the sealing sections. The amount of water contained in the metal halide, i.e., the light-emitting material, included in the metal halide lamp essentially free from mercury, i.e., Hg-less metal halide lamp, is controlled to 50 ppm or less.

Abstract: To provide, in a special situation of a mercury-free lamp in which a luminance flicker tends to occur unlike a mercury-containing lamp, a metal halide lamp having an electrode structure modified so as to suppress the luminous flicker that is suitably used as an automotive headlamp, and an automotive headlamp apparatus incorporating the same. A metal halide lamp includes: a hermetic vessel 1 which is fire resistant and translucent; a pair of electrodes 3, 3 sealed in the hermetic vessel 1 with facing each other at a distant of 5 mm or less, the electrodes each having a shaft part 3a having a diameter of 0.25 mm or more and a tip 3b, which originates an arc, having a curved surface having a radius of one-half or less of the diameter of the shaft part; and a discharge medium essentially containing no mercury, sealed in the hermetic vessel 1, and containing halides of metals including a light-emitting metal in an amount of 0.

Abstract: To provide, in a special situation of a mercury-free lamp in which a luminance flicker tends to occur unlike a mercury-containing lamp, a metal halide lamp having an electrode structure modified so as to suppress the luminous flicker that is suitably used as an automotive headlamp, and an automotive headlamp apparatus incorporating the same. A metal halide lamp includes: a hermetic vessel 1 which is fire resistant and translucent; a pair of electrodes 3, 3 sealed in the hermetic vessel 1 with facing each other at a distant of 5 mm or less, the electrodes each having a shaft part 3a having a diameter of 0.25 mm or more and a tip 3b, which originates an arc, having a curved surface having a radius of one-half or less of the diameter of the shaft part; and a discharge medium essentially containing no mercury, sealed in the hermetic vessel 1, and containing halides of metals including a light-emitting metal in an amount of 0.

Abstract: To improve the ratio between first and second halides sealed in a mercury-free lamp, thereby providing a metal halide lamp which has a high luminous efficiency and a low lamp voltage reduction and emits light of an appropriate color and an automotive headlamp apparatus incorporating the same.