Abstract: A toner contains toner particles and fine alumina particles. The toner particles include a binding resin and a colorant. The fine alumina particles contain 200 to 700 .mu.g of zirconium compound per gram of alumina. The toner may be used as a one-component developer or as a two-component developer with a carrier.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is disclosed which has toner particles and hydrophobic fine titanium oxide particles. The hydrophobic fine titanium oxide particles have, in X-ray diffraction, an intensity ration Ia/Ib of 5.0.ltoreq.Ia/Ib.ltoreq.12.0 which is a ratio of maximum intensity Ia to minimum intensity Ib within the range of 2.theta.=20.0 to 40.0 deg.

Abstract: A magenta toner for developing electrostatic images is formed of a binder resin, and a quinacridone pigment providing an X-ray diffraction spectrum showing two peaks in a Bragg angle (2.theta.) region of 5-10 deg. The magenta toner has an improved light fastness, may have a desired hue comparable to a printing process ink and is suitably used for electrophotographic full-color image formation. The magenta toner may preferably be formed through a process including a first kneading step starting from wet blending of a binder resin and two paste pigments including quinacridone and 2,9-dimethylquinacridone, respectively, under mild conditions not causing crystal transformation to form a master batch and a second kneading step of diluting the master batch together with other additive.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is formed from toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and an organometallic compound. The binder resin in the toner particles has a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble (THF-insoluble) content of at most 5.0 wt.% based on the binder resin. The toner has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree.-80.degree. C. The toner further has storage modulus characteristics including a storage modulus at 80.degree. C. (G'.sub.80) of 1.times.10.sup.4 -5.times.10.sup.6 ?dyn/cm.sup.2 !, a storage modulus at 130.degree. C. (G'.sub.130) providing a ratio G'.sub.80 /G'.sub.130 of 10-5.times.10.sup.3, and a storage modulus curve showing a minimum (G'min) in a temperature region of 110.degree.-190.degree. C. The toner especially exhibits excellent low-temperature fixability, anti-high temperature offset characteristic, storage stability and color-miscibility.

Abstract: An image forming method, including the steps of: forming a toner image with a toner having toner particles and an external additive on a surface of a first image-carrying member which includes a support and a lamination layer disposed thereon containing a peeling layer, fixing the toner image on the surface of the peeling layer of the first image-carrying member to form a fixed image, peeling the peeling layer having the fixed image from the first image-carrying member, and transferring the fixed image on the peeling layer onto a second image-carrying member while swelling the peeling layer, wherein the lamination layer has at least the peeling layer and an adhesive layer, the peeling layer at least including a transfer layer and having an area expansion ratio of 102-106%. The transfer layer may preferably be a composition containing a high-saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of at least 90% and a low-saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of below 90%.

Abstract: A yellow toner for developing an electrostatic image contains yellow color toner particles having at least a binder resin and a yellow colorant, and an external additive. The binder resin has a polyester resin having an acid value of from 2 mg KOH/g to 25 mg KOH/g and a glass transition temperature of from 52.degree. C. to 65.degree. C. The yellow colorant is a compound represented by the following Formula (I): ##STR1## The external additive is composed of a fine titanium oxide powder or fine aluminum oxide powder subjected to hydrophobic treatment. The powder has an average primary particle diameter of from 0.01 .mu.m to 2 .mu.m. The yellow toner has a weight average particle diameter of from 3.0 .mu.m to 15.0 .mu.m.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images is formed of toner particles comprising (a) a binder resin, (b) a colorant or magnetic material, (c) an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A), and (d) a metal compound of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A). The aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) and the metal compound of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) are contained in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 10:90. As a result of co-inclusion of a small amount of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) in addition to the metal compound thereof, the resultant toner is provided with a quick chargeability in a low humidity environment and an improved level of triboelectric charge in a high humidity environment, presumably because of the stabilization effect of the small amount of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) on the metal compound thereof.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is formed from toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge-controlling agent. The charge-controlling agent comprises an aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, a metal compound of the aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, and an inorganic compound formed from an inorganic anion and an inorganic cation. The aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, the metal compound of the aromatic carboxylic acid and the inorganic anion are contained in proportions of A (wt. %), B (wt. %) and C (ppm), respectively, satisfying the following conditions: 1/99.ltoreq.A/B.ltoreq.20/80, and 10.sup.2 .ltoreq.C. Because of the inclusion of an inorganic compound providing a sufficient amount of inorganic anion, the charge-controlling agent shows a stable charge-controlling characteristic, and the resultant toner exhibits a stable developing performance and transferability in continuous image formation in various environmental conditions.

Abstract: An image forming method has developing an electrostatic latent image on an electrostatic latent image bearing member by the use of a toner containing a wax component, to form a toner image on the electrostatic latent image bearing member;transferring the toner image to the surface of a recording medium; andfixing the toner image on the recording medium, to the recording medium.The recording medium has a laminated film having a substrate layer and a wax component absorption layer for absorbing a wax component contained in the toner. The wax component absorption layer is formed of a resin capable of inhibiting crystal growth of the wax component. The wax component absorption layer is capable of absorbing the wax component contained in the toner when the toner image is fixed to the recording medium.

Abstract: An image-forming method is disclosed. A color toner image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrier is transferred onto one surface of a transfer material and fixed on the transfer material by a fixing means through heating and melting. An other color toner image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier is transferred onto an other surface opposite to the color toner-fixed surface of the transfer material and fixed, thereby forming color images fixed on both surfaces of the transfer material. The color toner forming the color images contains toner particles directly obtained by suspension polymerization, and the toner particles contain wax.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotography has carrier particles. The carrier has a 50% average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of from 15 .mu.m to 45 .mu.m and contains from 1% to 20% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 22 .mu.m, not more than 3% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 16 .mu.m, from 2% to 15% of carrier particles with a size of 62 .mu.m or larger, and not more than 2% of carrier particles with a size of 88 .mu.m or larger. The carrier has a specific surface area S.sub.1 as measured by an air-permeability method and a specific surface area S.sub.2 as calculated by the following expression:S.sub.2 =(6/.rho..multidot.D.sub.50).times.10.sup.4wherein .rho. is a specific gravity of carrier; satisfying the following condition:1.2 .ltoreq.S.sub.1 /S.sub.2 .ltoreq.2.0.

Abstract: A color toner having color toner particles containing a coloring agent and a non-linear polyester resin synthesized from a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or an acid anhydride thereof; ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of at least 3, R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, the pigment particles in the color toner particles have a number average diameter of no greater than 0.7 .mu.m and contain at least 60 percent by number of the pigment particles having a diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 .mu.m and no greater than 10 percent by number of the pigment particles having a diameter of at least 0.8 .mu.m, and the color toner has a softening temperature of 85.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. calculated from a flow tester curve.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, which comprises a colorant-containing particulate resin and a treated fine powdery material prepared by treating fine powdery titanium oxide with a silane-type organic compound, where the fine powdery titanium oxide is mainly composed of a TiO.sub.2 component and a Ti(OR).sub.m (OH).sub.n component wherein R is a hydrocarbon group, m and n are respectively an integer of from 0 to 4, and m+n is 4.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image has colored resin particles-(A) containing a coloring agent or a magnetic powder, and a powdery additive. The powdery additive has organic resin particles-(B) having peaks respectively in a region of particles diameters of 20 m.mu. to 200 m.mu. and a region of particle diameters of 300 m.mu. to 800 m.mu. in their particle size distribution, and the larger-diameters particles included in the region of particle diameters of 300 m.mu. to 800 m.mu. being contained in an amount of from 2% by weight to 20% by weight.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images includes: toner particles and organically treated alumina powder. The organically treated alumina powder has an X-ray diffraction characteristic showing a maximum X-ray intensity level I.sub.a-max and a minimum X-ray intensity level I.sub.a-min in a 2.theta. range of 20 to 70 degrees providing a ratio I.sub.a-max /I.sub.a-min of below 6. The alumina powder is amorphous or has a low-crystallinity of .gamma.-form, thereby showing a low agglomeratability to function as an effective flowability-improving agent for a toner. The structural water contained in the alumina powder contained favors hydrophobization treatment thereof and functions to suppress a charge-up phenomenon in a low humidity environment after the hydrophobization.

Abstract: A laminate film suitable for providing a transparency for an OHP (overhead projector) is formed by disposing an absorbing layer on a substrate. The absorbing layer functions to allow addition of a wax component to a toner so as to improve the color mixing characteristic and anti-offset characteristic of the toner without causing a wax exudation trace which is liable to occur in a fixed toner image if the absorbing layer is not provided.

Abstract: A color toner for developing an electrostatic image has color toner particles containing a binder resin and a colorant.The color toner particles have been obtained by mixing a mixture containing at least a polymerizable monomer, the colorant and a polymerization initiator to prepare a polymerizable monomer composition, dispersing the polymerizable monomer composition in an aqueous medium to carry out granulation, and polymerizing polymerizable monomers in the aqueous medium.The colorant comprises fine organic pigment particles or fine organic dye particles having an acetic acid adsorption heat in n-heptane of from 0.1 mJ/m.sup.2 to 80 mJ/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A toner and a two-component developer for developing electrostatic images are disclosed. The toner comprises toner particles and the two-component developer comprises the toner and a carrier. The toner particle has a two-layer structure of a core layer and a surface layer, produced by suspension polymerization. The core layer and surface layer are mainly comprised of a resin having a low softening point and a resin having a high softening point, respectively. In the surface layer, a polyester resin having a specific acid value and a specific molecular weight is included to impart an appropriate water absorption to the toner. Due to the appropriate water absorption and superior fluidity, the toner can achieve a speedy rise of charge to give electrostatic charges in a stable quantity over a long period of time, and it can give a high image density and images with superior fine-line reproduction and highlight reproduction.

Abstract: An image forming method includes the steps of:(1) forming a first unfixed image of color toner on one side of a transfer material, wherein the color toner has a weight average particle size of 3 to 7 .mu.m and includes color toner particles having a particle size of 4 .mu.m or less in a range of 10 to 70 by number, color toner particles having a particle size of 5.04 .mu.m or less in a range of 40% by number or more, color toner particles having a particle size of 8 .mu.m or more in a range of 2 to 20% by volume, and color toner particles having a particle size of 10.08 .mu.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images which comprises a toner particle produced by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition,wherein the toner particle contains 0.1-9.0% by weight of a modified polyester resin having one or more monomer units selected from a group consisting of styrene type monomer, acrylic monomer, and methacrylic monomer 16-50% by weight of a wax having a melting point of 50.degree.-95.degree. C., and 0.01-5.0% by weight of a charge controlling agent;the resin component of the toner particle has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000-45,000;and the toner particle has water absorption of 300-5,000 ppm.