Abstract: Provided is a compound represented by the general formula (1) (where: G represents a hexose-6-phosphate residue; and L represents a divalent linker group).

Abstract: An ?-selective glycosylation process of a glycosylation reaction between a sugar structure of hexose or an aldose having a chain with six or more carbon atoms in the molecule, which is a monosaccharide or a reducing end of an oligosaccharide with two or more monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages (an oligosaccharide with two monosaccharide residues is disaccharide) (also referred to as “a disaccharide to an oligosaccharide”) or a sugar chain and alcoholic hydroxyl group or thiol group, to obtain a sugar structure glycoside containing ?-glycoside at a high ratio, under the ring-shaped formation of a protective group in a silyl acetal structure over hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6 in the sugar structure. By the process, highly selective ?-glycosylation of sugar structure can be progressed in a simple and efficient manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glycolipid-containing liposome. In such a glycolipid-containing liposome, the glycolipid includes a plant ceramide portion and a sugar chain portion. The present invention also provides a method of producing a glycolipid-containing liposome. This method includes the following steps of: A) providing a glycolipid in which the glycolipid includes a plant ceramide portion and a sugar chain portion; and B) mixing the provided glycolipid with a liposome raw material and subjecting the mixture to conditions in which a liposome is formed.

Abstract: an ?-selective glycosylation process of a glycosylation reaction between a sugar structure of hexose or an aldose having a chain with six or more carbon atoms in the molecuse, which is a monosaccharide or a reducing end of an oligosaccharide with two or more monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages (an oligosaccharide with two monosaccharide residues is disaccharide) (also referred to as “a disaccharide to an oligosaccharide”) or a sugar chain and alcoholic hydroxyl group of thiol group, to obtain a sugar structure glycoside containing ?-glycoside at a high ratio, under the ring-shaped formation of a protective group in a silyl acetal structure over hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6 in the sugar structure. By the process, highly selective ?-glycosylation of sugar structure can be progressed in a simple and efficient manner.

Abstract: Carboxymethylgalactose derivatives represented by general formula (1); and salts thereof, which exhibit reactivity to selectins and are useful as inhibitors against selectin-related diseases such as various inflammations and cancerous metastasis; In said formula, R is a group rep resented by formula (1a), (1b) or (1c).

Abstract: The invention provides important intermediate compounds for the synthesis of acidic glycolipids which are identical with the glycolipid antigens isolated from the acidic glycolipid fractions of peripheral nerve and embryonic central nervous system and preparation methods thereof. By the adoption of the present intermediate compounds, sulfation of 3-hydroxyl group of end glucuronic acid portion of the acidic glycolipid can be quite easily carried out and total synthetic yield be greatly improved.

Abstract: Novel glycolipid derivatives of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a long chain alkyl, or their salts are disclosed. These compounds act as a ligand for selectin family and exhibit a remarkable inhibitory effect on the binding of selectin family to its native ligand sialyl Lewis.sup.x.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a new SLe-type sugar chain derivative represented by the following formula (I), which is useful as a pharmaceutical and which contains moranoline: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkenyl or a lower alkynyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 differ from each other and represent a galactosyl, sialylgalactosyl or fucosyl group; R.sub.4 represents a hydroxyl group or an acetamido group. The present invention comprises a sugar chain derivative containing a moranoline, and having a new structure. Possessing cell adhesion inhibitory activity, the compounds of the present invention antagonizes selectin, serving well in the treatment of inflammation, inflammation-associated thrombosis, asthma and rheumatism, and in the prevention and treatment of immunological diseases and cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed are thioglycoside analogs of gangliosides represented by the formula ##STR1## in which Y represents a radical of the following formula ##STR2## and X represents a radical of the formula ##STR3## wherein m is an integer of 15 to 25, l is an integer of 0 to 3 and n is an integer of 11 to 15. The thioglycoside analogs are expected to exert specific enzyme-inhibitory effects.

Abstract: Disclosed are ganglioside GM.sub.3 analogs represented by the formula ##STR1## in which X represents a radical of the following formula ##STR2## wherein at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen and the remainder is hydroxyl; ##STR3## wherein at least one of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is hydrogen and the remainder is methyl; ##STR4## wherein m is an integer of 15 to 25, l is an integer of 0 to 3, n is an integer of 11 to 15 and Ac represents acetyl. The ganglioside GM.sub.3 analogs are expected to possess an inhibitory activity for influenza virus.

Abstract: An oligosaccharide derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is --SR.sup.2, ##STR2## R.sup.1 is an optically detectable group, etc.; R.sup.2 is alkyl or substituted alkyl; and n is zero or 1-5, is effective as a substrate for measuring .alpha.-amylase activity and can be synthesized easily in high yield.

Abstract: Lipid A monosaccharide analogues of the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, 1 is an integer of 8-14, m is an integer of 11-17 integer, and n is 8-14 integer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for producing gangliosides such as GM.sub.3 and GM.sub.4 and analogues thereof. This process has the excellent characteristics in that in introduction of ceramide into sialooligosaccharides, first an azidosphingosine derivative is introduced and then the azido portion is reduced to effect N-acylation. The present invention has a conspicuous effect in that the yield is markedly improved as compared with conventional processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for selective production of a 2-.alpha.-O-glycoside compound of sialic acid which is useful as a starting material or intermediate for medicines and biochemical reagents. The process comprises reacting an alkylthiosialic acid derivative represented by the formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R represents an acyl group and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents a lower alkyl group with a compound having alcoholic hydroxyl group at a low temperature in a polar solvent having no hydroxyl group in the presence of a Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of methyl triflate, trimethylsilyl triflate and dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium triflate. The present invention further provides novel compounds.

Abstract: Provided herein is a derivative of 2-deoxy-2-amino-4-O-phophono-D-glucopyranose, which is derived from lipid A, of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are a member in a pair selected from the group consisting of those indicated in a following table:______________________________________ Com- pound No. R.sub.1 R.sub.2 ______________________________________ I(R,R) --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 II --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 --OH II(R,R) --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 --OH II(S,S) --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 --OH III --OH --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 III(R,R) --OH --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 III(S,S) --OH --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 IV(R) --H --O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 --CH.sub.3 ______________________________________The compounds of this invention include those of rectus and sinister configurations and act as mitogens for polyclonal B cells.