Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a base plate, an adhesive agent provided on an upper face of the base plate, and a casing having a lower face and an inclined face continuous to the lower face and positioned closer to a center of the base plate than the lower face, and fixed to the base plate through the adhesive agent adhering to the lower face and the inclined face, wherein of the adhesive agent, a portion that is in contact with the inclined face is thicker than a portion thereof that is in contact with the lower face.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a base plate, an adhesive agent provided on an upper face of the base plate, and a casing having a lower face and an inclined face continuous to the lower face and positioned closer to a center of the base plate than the lower face, and fixed to the base plate through the adhesive agent adhering to the lower face and the inclined face, wherein of the adhesive agent, a portion that is in contact with the inclined face is thicker than a portion thereof that is in contact with the lower face.

Abstract: A vehicle hydraulic clutch apparatus includes a clutch master cylinder that generates clutch working oil pressure in response to operation of a clutch pedal, and a concentric slave cylinder that engages and releases a friction clutch as the clutch working oil pressure generated by the clutch master cylinder is supplied thereto and discharged therefrom via an oil passageway. A flow restraint device (130, 200) that restrains flow of the working oil from a concentric slave cylinder (66) side to a clutch master cylinder (62) side which occurs according to operation of the clutch pedal (60) is provided in the concentric slave cylinder (66).

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a photoreceptor base drum by a lathe-turning machine in which a cutting tool is brought in contact with a surface of the base drum and travels in the axial direction to finish the surface of the base drum into a mirror-like surface, a main cutting edge formed by a rake surface and a front flank surface on the cutting tool is shaped as a curved surface with a radius of curvature of 0.15 to 3.5 .mu.m, and the rake surface and the front flank surface are shaped to smoothly continue to the curved surface of the main cutting edge.