Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising a cellulose nanofiber and a lignin or a complex thereof and a method for efficiently producing lignocellulose-derived materials from lignocellulosic biomass for completely using the lignocellulosic biomass. The present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a cellulose nanofiber having a sulfate ester group and a lignin-derived substance and a method for producing lignocellulose-derived materials.

Abstract: To prevent the occurrence of poor connection between an electrode pad and a bonding wire. A light receiving element includes a wiring region, an electrode pad, a first recessed portion, and a second recessed portion. The wiring region is disposed next to the front side of a semiconductor substrate, the wiring region including a wiring layer for transmitting a signal and an insulating layer for insulating the wiring layer, the wiring layer being connected to a photoelectric conversion unit that is disposed in the semiconductor substrate and performs photoelectric conversion on incident light. The electrode pad is disposed in the wiring region and is connected to the wiring layer so as to be connected to the outside. The first recessed portion is formed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate and has the bottom near the front side of the semiconductor substrate and near the electrode pad.

Abstract: A bed apparatus capable of detecting a state of a user. The bed apparatus includes a bedboard that supports a user, a bed frame that is attached to the bedboard, an acceleration sensor attached to the bedboard, and a controller that detects a state of the user based on a result of detection of the acceleration sensor. The acceleration sensor can detect accelerations in at least two axial directions and is attached to a surface of the bedboard such that two acceleration detection axes of the acceleration sensor are parallel to the surface of the bedboard.

Abstract: To provide a vehicle body frame structure of a saddle-riding type vehicle that can increase the capacity of an air cleaner and enhance the bending stiffness of the vehicle body frame. The vehicle body frame structure includes a pair of left and right main frames that extend rearwardly from a head pipe, an engine disposed downwardly of the left and right main frames, a fuel tank disposed upwardly of the engine and between the left and right main frames, a pair of left and right engine hangers that extend downwardly from front portions of the left and right main frames and support the engine, and a cross member that connects the left and right engine hangers in a vehicle width direction.

Abstract: To provide a swing arm pivot structure for a motorcycle which can prevent rubbing between a swing arm and a body frame with a simple structure and can reduce a manufacturing cost for the motorcycle. The swing arm pivot structure includes a swing arm for supporting a rear wheel, a pivot shaft mounted to a body frame and inserted through a swing arm pivot of the swing arm, a first bearing located between one end portion of the swing arm pivot and the body frame for pivotably supporting the swing arm, a first collar located between the inner circumference of the first bearing and the pivot shaft, and a second collar located between the first collar and the body frame. The second collar has a rigidity different from the rigidity of the first collar and the body frame.

Abstract: To provide a swing arm pivot structure for a motorcycle which can prevent rubbing between a swing arm and a body frame with a simple structure and can reduce a manufacturing cost for the motorcycle. The swing arm pivot structure includes a swing arm for supporting a rear wheel, a pivot shaft mounted to a body frame and inserted through a swing arm pivot of the swing arm, a first bearing located between one end portion of the swing arm pivot and the body frame for pivotably supporting the swing arm, a first collar located between the inner circumference of the first bearing and the pivot shaft, and a second collar located between the first collar and the body frame. The second collar has a rigidity different from the rigidity of the first collar and the body frame.

Abstract: To provide a vehicle body frame structure of a saddle-riding type vehicle that can increase the capacity of an air cleaner and enhance the bending stiffness of the vehicle body frame. The vehicle body frame structure includes a pair of left and right main frames that extend rearwardly from a head pipe, an engine disposed downwardly of the left and right main frames, a fuel tank disposed upwardly of the engine and between the left and right main frames, a pair of left and right engine hangers that extend downwardly from front portions of the left and right main frames and support the engine, and a cross member that connects the left and right engine hangers in a vehicle width direction.