Abstract: An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor which is high in electrolytic conductivity, excellent in heat stability and high in withstand voltage. An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor including a tetrafluoroaluminate ion; and an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor containing a salt and a solvent, characterized in that electrolytic conductivity X (mS·cm?1) at 25° C. and withstand voltage Y (V) of a capacitor satisfy the relationships of formulae (I):Y??7.5X+150, and X?4, Y>0.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor having a low impedance characteristic, having a high withstand voltage characteristic of 100V class, wherein the electrolytic capacitor provides an excellent high temperature life characteristic. The electrolyte solution containing the aluminum tetrafluoride salt is used. The moisture content of the capacitor element is adjusted to 0.7% by weight or less, wit respect to the weight of the capacitor element, preferably 0.5% by weight or less, and most preferably 0.4% by weight or less. In this way, the electrolytic capacitor having the low impedance characteristic and the high resistance voltage characteristic, and the excellent high temperature life characteristic is provided.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor having a low impedance characteristic, having a high withstand voltage characteristic of 100V class, wherein the electrolytic capacitor provides an excellent high temperature life characteristic and an excellent leakage characteristic. The electrolyte solution containing the aluminum tetrafluoride salt is used. The electrolytic capacitor of the present invention has a low impedance characteristic, a high withstand voltage characteristic, and an excellent high temperature life characteristic. Moreover, the aforementioned electrolyte solution is used, and a foil showing noble potential at least in the electrolyte solution than the electrode potential of the cathode tab, or a cathode electrode foil subjected to chemical treatment is used as the cathode electrode foil, so as to obtain an excellent leakage characteristic.

Abstract: An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor which is high in electrolytic conductivity, excellent in heat stability and high in withstand voltage. An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor comprising a tetrafluoroaluminate ion; and an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor containing a salt and a solvent, characterized in that electrolytic conductivity X (mS·cm?1) at 25° C. and withstand voltage Y (V) of a capacitor satisfy the relationships of formulae (I): Y??7.5X+150, and X?4, Y>0.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the decomposition of an electrolyte solution is reduced exhibits high coulombic efficiency and excellent charge and discharge cycle performance, and has high energy density. This nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode that is formed by depositing a thin film of active material on a collector by a CVD method, sputtering, evaporation, thermal spraying, or plating, wherein the thin film of the active material can lithiate and delithiate and is divided into columns by cracks formed in the thickness direction, and the bottom of each column is adhered to the collector; a positive electrode that can lithiate and delithiate; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt in a nonaqueous solvent. The electrolyte solution contains a compound expressed by a general formula (I).

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the decomposition of an electrolyte solution is reduced exhibits high coulombic efficiency and excellent charge and discharge cycle performance, and has high energy density. This nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode that is formed by depositing a thin film of active material on a collector by a CVD method, sputtering, evaporation, thermal spraying, or plating, wherein the thin film of the active material can lithiate and delithiate and is divided into columns by cracks formed in the thickness direction, and the bottom of each column is adhered to the collector; a positive electrode that can lithiate and delithiate; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt in a nonaqueous solvent. The electrolyte solution contains a compound expressed by a general formula (I).

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the decomposition of an electrolyte solution is reduced exhibits high coulombic efficiency and excellent charge and discharge cycle performance, and has high energy density. This nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode that is formed by depositing a thin film of active material on a collector by a CVD method, sputtering, evaporation, thermal spraying, or plating, wherein the thin film of the active material can lithiate and delithiate and is divided into columns by cracks formed in the thickness direction, and the bottom of each column is adhered to the collector; a positive electrode that can lithiate and delithiate; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt in a nonaqueous solvent. The electrolyte solution contains a compound expressed by a general formula (I).

Abstract: There are provided an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprising an anode, a cathode comprising aluminum and an electrolytic solution containing an onium salt of fluorine-containing anion, wherein the electrolytic solution has a water concentration of 1% by weight or less, or wherein the cathode has a peak top of Al2p spectrum of 74.0 to 75.8 eV as measured by a method in which the surface of the cathode in the aluminum electrolytic capacitor heated at 125° C. for 50 hours is analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); an electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitor comprising a quaternary cyclic amidinium tetrafluoroaluminate and a solvent and containing specific impurity compounds in a total amount of 0.6% by weight or less, and an electrolytic capacitor using the electrolytic solution; and a method for preparing an organic onium tetrafluoroaluminate which is advantageously m used in an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte solution for secondary batteries which is an electrolyte solution for secondary batteries obtained by dissolving a lithium salt in a nonaqueous solvent, wherein the nonaqueous solvent is a solvent mainly comprising a lactone compound and the content of hydroxy carboxylic acids in the electrolyte solution is 1 mmol/kg or lower and a secondary battery employing the same are excellent in high-temperature storage characteristics, cycle characteristics, and capacity retention characteristics and in various cell characteristics in a wide temperature range and safety such as firing properties.

Abstract: A display having a second substrate with a phosphor layer formed on the surface and a first substrate disposed opposing to the first substrate and having electron guns formed thereon, said electron guns having a structure of: first conductive film laminated on the first substrate—insulating film—second conductive film, and said insulating film being one formed by anodizing the first conductive film by using a non-aqueous electrolyte containing an organic solvent such as a compound having an alcoholic hydroxyl group and at least one solute selected from salts of inorganic oxo acids and salts of organic carboxylic acids. According to this device, the quality of the insulating film forming the tunneling insulator of electron guns of the MIM diode structure is improved to prolong the service life of the device.

Abstract: An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor which is high in electrolytic conductivity, excellent in heat stability and high in withstand voltage. An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor comprising a tetrafluoroaluminate ion; and an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor containing a salt and a solvent, characterized in that electrolytic conductivity X (mS·cm−1) at 25° C. and withstand voltage Y (V) of a capacitor satisfy the relationships of formulae (I): Y≧−7.5X+150, and X≧4, Y>0.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and a solute, and also has an electrolytic conductivity that is greater than or equal to 1 mS/cm but less than or equal to 100 mS/cm. This solute preferably includes at least one of a carboxylate and a salt of inorganic oxoacid. In addition, the non-aqueous electrolyte preferably comprises water in a proportion of 1 to 10 wt %. In an MIM nonlinear element (20), an insulated film (24) is formed by anodic oxidation using the above non-aqueous electrolyte. In addition, the insulated film comprises at least one of carbon atoms and atoms of families 3 to 7 that were originally the central atoms of the salt of inorganic oxoacid, and has a relative permittivity of 10 to 25. With this MIM nonlinear element, the capacitance is sufficiently small, the steepness of the voltage-current characteristic is sufficiently large, and also the resistance is sufficiently uniform over a wide area.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for secondary batteries, capable of securing safety of the battery in an overcharged state without affecting adversely to battery characteristics such as a low-temperature characteristics and storing characteristics.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte solution for secondary batteries which is an electrolyte solution for secondary batteries obtained by dissolving a lithium salt in a nonaqueous solvent, wherein the nonaqueous solvent is a solvent mainly comprising a lactone compound and the content of hydroxy carboxylic acids in the electrolyte solution is 1 mmol/kg or lower and a secondary battery employing the same are excellent in high-temperature storage characteristics, cycle characteristics, and capacity retention characteristics and in various cell characteristics in a wide temperature range and safety such as firing properties.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor, which is advantageous not only in that both electric conductivity and withstand voltage property are high, but also in that thermal stability is excellent, and an electrolytic capacitor using the electrolyte. Specifically, the present invention provides an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor, comprising a solvent, at least one quaternary amidinium salt selected from the group consisting of a quaternary amidinium salt of a hydroxy-substituted aromatic monocarboxylic acid and a quaternary amidinium salt of phthalic acid, and metal oxide particles, and an electrolytic capacitor using the electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrochemical capacitor is provided having double-layer electrode elements interposed with a separator. The electrode elements being made of activated carbon and impregnated with a nonaqueous electrolytic liquid yields a capacitor with low internal resistance, greater capacitance and higher energy density. Methods for producing the activated carbon electrodes and the capacitor assembly are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a forming electrolyte for forming metal oxide coating films which comprises one or more kinds of solutes selected from the group consisting a salt of inorganic acid and salt of organic carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent having analcoholic hydroxyl group or aprotic organic solvent, provided that, when the solvent having an alcoholic hydroxyl group is selected, the salt of organic carboxylic acid is selected from salts of aromatic carboxylic acids, salts of aliphatic polycarboxylic acid having 3-5 carbon atoms with no hydroxyl groups, salts of monohydroxy carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms, and salts of amino acid. By anodically oxidizing metal using the forming electrolyte, there can be formed an oxide coating film of high insulation property with a high throughput, in which hillocks are effectively suppressed.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and a solute, and also has an electrolytic conductivity that is greater than or equal to 1 mS/cm but less than or equal to 100 mS/cm. This solute preferably includes at least one of a carboxylate and a salt of inorganic oxoacid. In addition, the non-aqueous electrolyte preferably comprises water in a proportion of 1 to 10 wt %. In an MIM nonlinear element (20), an insulated film (24) is formed by anodic oxidation using the above non-aqueous electrolyte. In addition, the insulated film comprises at least one of carbon atoms and atoms of families 3 to 7 that were originally the central atoms of the salt of inorganic oxoacid, and has a relative permittivity of 10 to 25. With this MIM nonlinear element, the capacitance is sufficiently small, the steepness of the voltage-current characteristic is sufficiently large, and also the resistance is sufficiently uniform over a wide range of voltages.

Abstract: An N-alkyl-N'-methylimidazolinium salt of an organic acid is prepared in high purity and in high yield by (a) preparing an N-alkyl-N'-methylimidazolinium methyl carbonate in a quaternization reaction by methylating an N-alkylimidazoline with dimethyl carbonate and (b) reacting the resulting N-alkyl-N'-methylimidazolinium methyl carbonate with an organic acid, in an anion exchange reaction, wherein the reaction of each step is conducted in methanol solvent.

Abstract: A composite oxide film which comprises at least one oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta, said oxide containing ions of an organic carboxylic acid salt and/or ions of an inorganic oxoacid salt.