Abstract: The invention is directed to the provision of an exposure apparatus in which is stored an electric current value appropriately determined for supply to a light-emitting device, and a method for producing such an exposure apparatus. The production method according to the invention comprises the steps of supplying a reference electric current to the light-emitting device, and measuring the amount of light from each of the plurality of pixels of the light modulating device, determining whether a minimum value among the amounts of light measured from the plurality of pixels lies within a predetermined range, and determining the value of the electric current to be supplied to the light-emitting device so that the minimum value of the amounts of light falls within the predetermined range when the minimum value of the amounts of light is outside the predetermined range.

Abstract: In control apparatus and method for an inner cylinder spark ignited internal combustion engine having a fuel injection valve configured to directly inject fuel into an inside of an engine cylinder and a spark plug, a super retard combustion is executed to set an ignition timing after a compression stroke top dead center and to inject fuel before the ignition timing and after the compression stroke top dead center during a predetermined engine driving condition and at least part of fuel is injected before the compression stroke top dead center to decrease a fuel injection quantity after the compression stroke top dead center during an interval which is immediately after an engine start and in which a pressure of fuel is relatively low.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the provision of an exposure apparatus that can determine a correction value for each individual light-emitting part by employing a method that detects the amount of light corresponding to one particular light-emitting part from composite light containing light rays from adjacent light-emitting parts, and also to the provision of a method for producing such an exposure apparatus.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal exposure apparatus includes a color light source for emitting a plurality of colored light beams, a liquid crystal shutter having a plurality of liquid crystal pixels arrayed in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the relative movement, and a driving circuit for switching the color light source from one color to another, and for driving the plurality of liquid crystal pixels. The plurality of liquid crystal pixels are divided into a plurality of pixel groups. The liquid crystal pixels in each pixel group are arrayed, one displaced from another by a prescribed distance, in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the relative movement. The driving circuit drives the plurality of liquid crystal pixels in time-division fashion so that the liquid crystal pixels having the same displaced position in the plurality of pixel groups are driven at one time.

Abstract: In control apparatus and method for an inner cylinder spark ignited internal combustion engine having a fuel injection valve configured to directly inject fuel into an inside of an engine cylinder and a spark plug, a super retard combustion is executed to set an ignition timing after a compression stroke top dead center and to inject fuel before the ignition timing and after the compression stroke top dead center during a predetermined engine driving condition and at least part of fuel is injected before the compression stroke top dead center to decrease a fuel injection quantity after the compression stroke top dead center during an interval which is immediately after an engine start and in which a pressure of fuel is relatively low.

Abstract: In a color liquid crystal exposure apparatus equipped with a liquid crystal shutter comprising a single array of liquid crystal pixels, a cost reduction is achieved by reducing the number of control ICs required to control the liquid crystal pixels in the liquid crystal shutter.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the provision of an exposure apparatus in which is stored an electric current value appropriately determined for supply to a light-emitting device, and a method for producing such an exposure apparatus. The production method according to the invention comprises the steps of supplying a reference electric current to the light-emitting device, and measuring the amount of light from each of the plurality of pixels of the light modulating device, determining whether a minimum value among the amounts of light measured from the plurality of pixels lies within a predetermined range, and determining the value of the electric current to be supplied to the light-emitting device so that the minimum value of the amounts of light falls within the predetermined range when the minimum value of the amounts of light is outside the predetermined range.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the provision of an exposure apparatus that can determine a correction value for each individual light-emitting part by employing a method that detects the amount of light corresponding to one particular light-emitting part from composite light containing light rays from adjacent light-emitting parts, and also to the provision of a method for producing such an exposure apparatus.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber, an intake air passage communicated with the combustion chamber, an intake valve having a thermal insulator at an air-exposure portion thereof which is opposed to the intake air passage, a fuel injector disposed within the intake air passage and operative to inject an amount of fuel toward the air-exposure portion of the intake valve at a fuel injection timing, and a controller in communication with the fuel injector. The controller is programmed to set the fuel injection timing of the fuel injector to an engine intake stroke.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber, an intake air passage communicated with the combustion chamber, an intake valve having a thermal insulator at an air-exposure portion thereof which is opposed to the intake air passage, a fuel injector disposed within the intake air passage and operative to inject an amount of fuel toward the air-exposure portion of the intake valve at a fuel injection timing, and a controller in communication with the fuel injector. The controller is programmed to set the fuel injection timing of the fuel injector to an engine intake stroke.

Abstract: A method of pretreating an ink-jet printer (10) before it is used is provided, wherein the printer includes a printing head (16) provided with a plurality of nozzles (28) for ejecting ink-droplets and movable in a reciprocating manner, an ink storage section (40) and an ink supply conduit (42) connecting the printing head with the ink storage section. The entirety of an ink flow passage including the ink supply conduit (42) is filled with a colored liquid material (78) having a function for maintaining the hydrophilic nature of the ink flow passage, before the ink-jet printer is forwarded from a factory. Then, before the ink-jet printer is assigned to the user, a printing operation is carried out by the printing head (16) by using the colored liquid material (78) and a character printed with the colored liquid material is observed to determine a printing function.

Abstract: A printing head comprising a plurality of armatures which are arranged radially and which are swingable before and behind, an armature stopper having armature abutting portions of cantilever type provided in projection toward a center in a radial direction at respective locations at the back of the armature for positioning the armatures under a waiting condition, the armature stopper being displaceable by impingement of the armatures, and a gap defined at the back of the armature abutting portions.

Abstract: A printing head comprising a plurality of armatures which are arranged radially and which are swingable before and behind, an armature stopper having armature abutting portions of cantilever type provided in projection toward a center in a radial direction at respective locations at the back of the armature for positioning the armatures under a waiting condition, the armature stopper being displaceable by impingement of the armatures, and a gap defined at the back of the armature abutting portions.

Abstract: A print head for a dot matrix printer has a yoke having a plurality of cores, a plurality of armatures, each corresponding to the core, a plurality of knife edges is formed on the yoke, and a receiving corner is formed on the armature which engages the knife edge so as to be pivoted about the knife edge.

Abstract: In a printing head for a printer, forward end surfaces of respective outer and inner peripheral walls of a solenoid base and forward end faces of a plurality of respective core sections arranged between the inner and outer peripheral walls along a peripheral direction are formed coextensive with each other. Outer-peripheral-wall abutment surfaces and inner-peripheral-wall abutment surfaces of armatures having respective sections disposed to be drawn opposite to the core sections are formed to be coextensive with each other. Core-section opposed surfaces of the sections to be drawn are formed coextensive with the outer-peripheral-wall abutment surfaces and the inner-peripheral-wall abutment surfaces. In another aspect of the invention, the core-section opposed surfaces are so formed as to be depressed toward a side opposite to the core sections.

Abstract: A print head for a dot matrix printer has a head body, a plurality of print needles slidably mounted in the head body, a plurality of armatures, each corresponding to the print needle, an electromagnet provided on the head body for attracting a corresponding armature for actuating the print needles. The guide grooves are formed in the head body, corresponding to the armatures. An end portion of the armature is inserted in the guide groove so as to be guided during printing operation.

Abstract: A printing head includes solenoids arranged in an annular array for driving needles which are arranged in a zigzag array of two vertical columns. Solenoids corresponding to needles forming one of the columns are arranged on a semicircle of the annular array in the same order as that of the needles on the needle column. Two solenoids respectively corresponding to needles disposed at lower ends of the two needle columns are designed to generate magnetic fluxes whose directions are the same. During underline printing where these two solenoids are alternately energized, the magnetic flux generated by one of the solenoids never acts to increase an effective magnetic flux of the other solenoid at an initial stage of the excitation period thereof, so that the needle of the first solenoid reaches its forwardmost position at an appropriate time. The needle is rapidly restored and its tip prevented from being caught by the ink ribbon.

Abstract: A print head for a dot printer having a plurality of needles for printing by projecting the needles selectively from the print head. The print head has a solenoid base having a plurality of solenoids arranged in a circle thereon for driving the needles, a heat conductor having one side fixed in heat conducting relationship to one surface of the solenoid base and having a heat radiating portion extending in one direction from the solenoid base for radiating heat conducted thereto from the solenoid base, and a connecting portion extending in another direction from the solenoid base, a printed circuit board mounted on the side of the heat conductor opposite the one side, and an electrical connector for receiving a cable for supplying signals to a circuit on the printed circuit board and mounted on the connecting portion and electrically connected to the circuit on the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A dot matrix print head has a print wire unit having a plurality of print wires, an armature unit having a plurality of armatures, each corresponding to the print wire, and an electromagnet unit having electromagnets. Each wire comprises a wire body and a head. A return coil spring is provided between the head of the print wire and a guide plate. The return coil spring has a small diameter end portion engaged with the head and a large diameter portion engaged with the guide plate and has a substantially conical peripheral shape. The large diameter portion engages a recess, thereby preventing rotation of the spring.

Abstract: An improved print head for a dot matrix printer is provided. The printing is performed by wires projecting from said print head. The movement of the wires is controlled by the movement of armatures which contact an armature base. The construction of the base from a liquid crystal polymer or an aromatic series polyester resin results in improved vibration damping which in turn results in quieter printer operation.