Abstract: In a general aspect, a network interface capable of processing network traffic conforming to a Time Sensitive Network (TSN) standard and a Media Access Control layer security (MACsec) standard, comprises, within an ingress path, a Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) connected to receive a traffic stream from a network link; a Media Access Control (MAC) unit configured to split the traffic stream into a preemptable packet stream and an express packet stream; and a MACsec unit connected between the PCS and the MAC unit, configured to operate on individual fragments of a preempted MACsec protected packet in the traffic stream to produce a traffic stream with unprotected fragments for the MAC unit.

Abstract: In a general aspect, a network transmission interface can include, within an egress data path, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) operating in a constant bitrate domain for transmitting data frames on a network link; a timestamp unit configured to insert timestamps in payloads of the frames; a transmission media access control (MAC) unit located at a boundary between the constant bitrate domain and a variable bitrate domain, configured to receive the frames at a variable bitrate, encapsulate the frames, and provide the encapsulated frames at a constant bitrate; a MAC layer security unit located downstream from the timestamp unit, configured to sign and optionally encrypt the payloads and expand each frame with a security tag and an integrity check value (ICV). The timestamp unit and the MAC layer security unit (26b) can both operate in the constant bitrate domain.

Abstract: In a general aspect, a network transmission interface can include, within an egress data path, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) operating in a constant bitrate domain for transmitting data frames on a network link; a timestamp unit configured to insert timestamps in payloads of the frames; a transmission media access control (MAC) unit located at a boundary between the constant bitrate domain and a variable bitrate domain, configured to receive the frames at a variable bitrate, encapsulate the frames, and provide the encapsulated frames at a constant bitrate; a MAC layer security unit located downstream from the timestamp unit, configured to sign and optionally encrypt the payloads and expand each frame with a security tag and an integrity check value (ICV). The timestamp unit and the MAC layer security unit (26b) can both operate in the constant bitrate domain.

Abstract: In a general aspect, a network transmission interface can include, within an egress data path, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) operating in a constant bitrate domain for transmitting data frames on a network link; a timestamp unit configured to insert timestamps in payloads of the frames; a transmission media access control (MAC) unit located at a boundary between the constant bitrate domain and a variable bitrate domain, configured to receive the frames at a variable bitrate, encapsulate the frames, and provide the encapsulated frames at a constant bitrate; a MAC layer security unit located downstream from the timestamp unit, configured to sign and optionally encrypt the payloads and expand each frame with a security tag and an integrity check value (ICV). The timestamp unit and the MAC layer security unit (26b) can both operate in the constant bitrate domain.

Abstract: In a general aspect, a network transmission interface can include, within an egress data path, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) operating in a constant bitrate domain for transmitting data frames on a network link; a timestamp unit configured to insert timestamps in payloads of the frames; a transmission media access control (MAC) unit located at a boundary between the constant bitrate domain and a variable bitrate domain, configured to receive the frames at a variable bitrate, encapsulate the frames, and provide the encapsulated frames at a constant bitrate; a MAC layer security unit located downstream from the timestamp unit, configured to sign and optionally encrypt the payloads and expand each frame with a security tag and an integrity check value (ICV). The timestamp unit and the MAC layer security unit (26b) can both operate in the constant bitrate domain.

Abstract: A display device (DD) comprises a light source (LS); a display panel (DP) with display pixels for modulating light originating from the light source (LS); and processing circuitry (P) coupled to the display panel (DP) and the light source (LS). The processing circuitry (P) has an input for receiving an input signal (V1) representing gray levels of pixels of an image to be displayed on the display panel (DP) and comprises: an amplifier (A) for amplifying the input signal (V1) to provide an output signal (V2) for driving the display pixels, a detector (S) for detecting whether within a part of the image a property of the output signal (V2), and—control circuitry (CM) for controlling a gain of the amplifier (A) and a brightness level of the light source (LS) in dependence on the property.