Abstract: The present invention relates to fertiliser composition comprising from 95% to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the fertiliser composition, of a phosphate fertiliser and from 5% to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the fertiliser composition, of a phosphate binding substance selected from the group consisting of red mud that has been at least partially reacted with a material comprising at least one of calcium ions and magnesium ions, red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by addition of acid, red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by treatment with carbon dioxide, and red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by addition of at least one mineral containing at least one of calcium ions and magnesium ions, the phosphate binding substance having a reaction pH, when mixed with 5 times its weight of water, of less than 10.5. There are further provided methods for preparing the fertiliser and methods for fertilising soils.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a waste material containing species having a high alkalinity and/or pH is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of contacting the waste material with a first treatment material such as sea water concentrated by evaporation. The amount of the first treatment material is sufficient to cause at least some of the alkaline species to be inactivated, thereby resulting in a treated waste material. The process may also include a step of separating the treated waste material into solid and liquid phases and then contacting the liquid phase with a sufficient amount of a second treatment material having a low pH, so as to cause at least one of the pH and alkalinity of the liquid phase to be reduced to an environmentally acceptable level.

Abstract: A compressed-gas-operated reciprocating-piston device, e.g. a concrete breaker, rock drill or chipping hammer, has a cylinder component of composite construction, comprising a rigid inner metal tube in which the piston reciprocates and a moulded outer sleeve of rubber or plastics material, e.g. polyurethane, which surrounds the tube over the majority of its length and is bonded thereto. The sleeve has three integral moulded longitudinal ribs in which are moulded longitudinal passages for transmission of compressed air to the cylinder interior. An outer tubular muffler of rubber or plastics material surrounds the composite cylinder component and defines a sound-reducing path for exhaust gas from the cylinder to the atmosphere. The exhaust gas is discharged into two spaces defined between two pairs of adjacent ribs of the sleeve within the muffler, these two spaces forming part of an expansion chamber in the muffler.