Abstract: A first energy converter that can consume a first physical energy form of a first energy delivery network can be controlled to produce a second physical energy form of a second energy delivery network and inject the second physical energy form into the second energy delivery network. A second energy converter that can consume the second physical energy form of the second energy delivery system can be controlled to produce the first physical energy form of the first energy delivery network and inject the first physical energy form into the first energy deliver network. The controlling of the first energy converter and the controlling of the second energy converter can be coordinated. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: A first energy converter that can consume a first physical energy form of a first energy delivery network can be controlled to produce a second physical energy form of a second energy delivery network and inject the second physical energy form into the second energy delivery network. A second energy converter that can consume the second physical energy form of the second energy delivery system can be controlled to produce the first physical energy form of the first energy delivery network and inject the first physical energy form into the first energy deliver network. The controlling of the first energy converter and the controlling of the second energy converter can be coordinated. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

Abstract: A system and a method for locally controlling delivery of electrical power along the distribution feeder by measuring certain electricity parameters of a distribution feeder line using a substation phasor measurement unit (PMU) electrically coupled to a substation distribution bus at a first node on the feeder line, and at least one customer site PMU electrically coupled to a low voltage end of a transformer at a customer site, wherein the transformer is coupled by a drop line to a second node on the distribution feeder line and the customer site is coupled by another drop line to the transformer, and by controlling at least one controllable reactive power resource and optionally a real power resource connected to the second node or at the customer site. Related apparatus, systems, articles, and techniques are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing Ancillary Services to an ISO controls multiple controllable resources over a network in a cost effective manner. The apparatus comprises a central server computer and multiple controllers communicative with the central server computer over a network. Each controller is located at a resource site and controls one or more resource devices. The central server computer has a memory with a program which executes the following operations: receives a services request signal from the ISO such as a Ancillary Services request, which requests a change in power consumed or supplied by the resources on the network; calculates the lowest cost means of delivering the requested Ancillary Services request; and sends setpoint control signals to the controller at each resource site where a change is needed, requesting a change in the operation of each resource device.

Abstract: A method for providing automatic generation control (AGC) services comprises: allocating at least one generator resource and at least one load resource to provide AGC services; and responding to at least part of an AGC services request using the load resource such that the generation resource responds to the rest of the AGC services request by operating at an operating set point that is more efficient than a set point required for the generation resource to respond fully to the AGC services request. The step of responding can comprise executing a cost function that compares costs of using the load and generation resources to respond to the AGC services request at different load and generation set points and selecting a combination of load and generation set points that meets a cost effectiveness threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing Ancillary Services to an ISO controls multiple controllable resources over a network in a cost effective manner. The apparatus comprises a central server computer and multiple controllers communicative with the central server computer over a network. Each controller is located at a resource site and controls one or more resource devices. The central server computer has a memory with a program which executes the following operations: receives a services request signal from the ISO such as a Ancillary Services request, which requests a change in power consumed or supplied by the resources on the network; calculates the lowest cost means of delivering the requested Ancillary Services request; and sends setpoint control signals to the controller at each resource site where a change is needed, requesting a change in the operation of each resource device.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for managing energy supplied by an electricity vendor to a facility heatable by electrical and non-electrical means are disclosed. The method, for example, involves determining a requested load from a vendor as the difference between a target load of the vendor and a current load on the vendor imposed by the facility; and when the requested load is greater than zero, increasing heating of the facility by electrical means thereby increasing a current heating electrical load of the facility by at least a portion of the requested load; and decreasing heating of the facility by non-electrical means thereby decreasing a current heating non-electrical load of the facility.

Abstract: A method of managing energy supplied to a facility comprises monitoring a marginal cost of electricity from an electricity vendor; and determining a facility non-heating electrical load and a facility current heating load. The method also comprises obtaining fuel to supply energy to meet the heating load when the marginal cost of electricity is greater than a marginal cost of fuel or the non-heating electrical load is greater than a peak billed demand threshold. When the marginal cost of electricity is less than the marginal cost of the fuel and the non-heating electrical load is less than the peak billed demand threshold, electricity is obtained for the electricity vendor up to the peak billed demand threshold to supply energy to meet at least part of the current heating load, and fuel is obtained to supply energy to meet any current heating load not met by energy from the electricity.

Abstract: A cost-effective method of heating a space in a facility comprises: (a) determining a cost of electricity from an electricity vendor; (b) when the determined cost of electricity is below an electricity pricing setpoint, obtaining sufficient electricity from the vendor to heat a heatable material such as water above a first temperature setpoint; and (c) when the heatable material has a temperature above the first temperature setpoint and a space requires heating, heating the space using at least some of the heat stored in the heatable material. Such method is particularly cost-effective when using electricity charged at a time-of-use basis.