Abstract: A toner for making an ink printed-like image, which causes less eyestrain resulting from continuously reading the toner image for a long time, is provided. The toner has main particles and each main particle includes 100 parts by weight of binder resin and 1 to 3 parts by weight of black coloring agent dispersed in the binder resin. A developer using the toner and printed matter obtained by using the toner are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recycle developing process which comprises developing an electrostatic image formed on a photosensitive material with a starting developer filled in a developing vessel, transferring the toner image to a predetermined paper, recovering the toner remaining on the photosensitive material by a cleaning means, and repeating the developing procedure while replenishing a virgin toner and the toner recovered by the cleaning means into the developing vessel; wherein the virgin toner to be replenished into the developing vessel is that which is fulfilled in a container wherein a rotating roller is provided in an opening portion at a lower portion has a flowability, shown as a fallen amount of the toner at a time of falling via the rotating roller for a certain fixed time, of 50 to 70% based on the toner in the starting developer.According to this process, an abrupt decrease in the properties of the developer due to the mixing of the recovered toner can be relaxed.

Abstract: Four sets of shower heads 100, 200, 300, 400 are located in a surface modifying chamber of a surface modifying apparatus, and each shower head 100, 200, 300, 400 has surface modifier piping including a plurality of spray nozzles. The nozzles are arranged such that showers of an aqueous ozone solution injected from every adjacent two nozzles will contact the resin molded product and partly overlap one another. The phases in position of the nozzles can be offset a half-pitch or staggered with the staggered arrangement of the nozzles serving to compensate for any insufficient oxidation reaction to achieve uniform surface modification over the entire surface of the resin molded product 2. Further, the time required for the surface modification treatment can be reduced.

Abstract: A resin product has a body made of a resin. The body has an outer surface including an ornamental surface and an unornamental surface, a first area defined on the outer surface, and a chemical plating layer and an electroplating layer respectively formed on the first area. A process for producing the resin product comprises the step of making a first boundary along a contour of the first area located on the ornamental surface, and the step of making a second boundary along a contour of the first area located on the unornamental surface. The step of making the second boundary includes forming a resist layer on the unornamental surface. The resist layer has a resistivity to a chemical plating solution for making the chemical plating layer.

Abstract: A method for treating the surface of a polyolefin resin molded article is disclosed, comprising applying a running aqueous ozone solution in the form of a stream (or a waterfall) or spray onto the surface of a polyolefin resin molded article to oxidize the surface of the molded article for modifying the surface. Surface modification can be carried out on the same line in a series of processing, and extremely satisfactory results can be obtained by a short-time treatment with reduced energy. A coating layer formed on the modified surface exhibits high adhesion.

Abstract: A developing method using a compact machine such as a copying machine for personal use, etc., employs a two component-type magnetic developing agent with small diameter photosensitive drum and small diameter developing sleeve. In order to eliminate toner falling from the drum and/or sleeve to increase toner transfer efficiency and reduce fogging, the developing agent conveying sleeve is provided with a curvature (mm.sup.-1) of from 0.2 to 0.05. The toner is specifically designed for use in the method and includes magnetic fine particles having a saturation magnetization of not smaller than 70 emu/g and hydrophobic fine silica particles added to fixing resin particles containing a coloring agent.

Abstract: Contoured step sections and contoured grooves along the step sections are formed on a grille body. The grille body is subjected to chemical plating. Since the grooves have narrow bottoms, the bottoms remain unplated, so that a chemical plating layer is formed on the entire surface of the grille body except for the bottoms. The grille body having the chemical plating layer formed thereon is then subjected to an electroplating step having a plurality of steps. An undercoat plating layer is formed on the chemical plating layer formed on the portions where decorative plating is to be applied. The chemical plating layer formed on the portions where no decorative plating is to be applied is dissolved with a predetermined solution. Subsequently, a general electroplating layer is formed on the undercoat plating layer. Thus, the chemical plating layer and the electroplating layers are formed only on the to-be-plated portions.

Abstract: Annular grooves having substantially V-shaped cross sections are formed on the front surface and the rear surface of a grille body. A through hole communicating to the front surface and the rear surface of the grille body is also formed so that the front aperture may be smaller than the rear aperture. A protrusion is formed on the rear surface of the grille body, which is located inner than the groove. The grille body is immersed into a chemical plating solution to form a chemical plating layer on the entire surface of the grille body except for the bottoms of the grooves.

Abstract: A method for modifying the surface of a polyolefin resin molded article is disclosed, comprising contacting a polyolefin resin molded article with an ozone aqueous solution to oxidize the surface of said molded article. The surface of a polyolefin resin molded article can be modified easily and uniformly whatever shape the molded article may have. Previous cleaning of the molded article with an organic solvent is unnecessary. A coating layer can be formed on the thus modified surface with high adhesion.

Abstract: To improve dust removing performance and to prevent re-adhesion of dust in dust cleaner for removing dust adhering to the surface of an object such as a timepiece component by effecting blow-off dust removal and charge elimination by the use of a clean compressible fluid and an electric static ion eliminator. A clean compressible fluid is discharged from a clean compressible fluid nozzle to an object. When the object is an electro-statically charged article, an electric static ion mix clean compressible fluid containing electric static ions generated from an electric static ion eliminator is discharged to the object. It is possible to employ the structure wherein the object is set into a blow washing tray, and is moved up and down by the emission of the clean compressible fluid.

Abstract: The method of feeding a developer according to the present invention is characterized by controlling the quantity of the developer fed to a developing zone, by the use of a member having on its surface an electret dielectric layer, which is used as an ear cutter. According to the present invention, the quantity of the developer being carried is controlled by the action of an electrostatic force exerted from the electret dielectric layer. Hence it becomes possible to effectively eliminate the density unevenness, charge unevenness of the developer and to obtain a stable image.

Abstract: An electrochromic element comprising a pair of electrode films, at least one of which is a transparent electrode film, a color forming film laminated between both the electrode films and an electrolyte. The color forming film is formed on the electrode film by depositing thereon a conductive metal oxide such as indium oxide and tungsten oxide. The depositing ratio of tungsten oxide and indium oxide preferably is within the range of 10:1 to 3:1 by weight ratio.

Abstract: An electrochromic device is disclosed. The electrochromic device includes a pair of bases, and both a primary and a reference electrochromic element provided between the bases. The reference electrode is electrically connected to the primary electrochromic element so as to maintain the color-developing and fading potentials of the primary electrochromic element at predetermined voltages. A power regulator is also provided for driving the primary electrochromic element based in part on the output of the reference electrochromic element.

Abstract: An electrochromic element including a color-forming film and an electrolyte sandwiched between a pair of substrates each having a electrode film. Each electrode film is divided into a plurality of electrode pieces with micro grooves. One of the electrode films has its electrode pieces intersected with the electrode pieces of the other film so as to define a plurality of pairs of facing surfaces at intersecting portions. Resistors are connected between each of the electrode pieces and a power source to equalize values of current flowing between each of the pairs of the facing surfaces. The resistor may be an ordinary one, or resistance film made of conductive material, or a projected portion projecting from a longitudinal end of the electrode piece. A predetermined shape of cut-out is formed on the projected portion.

Abstract: An electrochromic element including a pair of electrochromic bases is provided. Each electrochromic base is defined by a substrate, an electrode layer disposed on the substrate, and a color-forming layer disposed on the electrode layer. The electrochromic bases are superposed such that their respective color-forming layers face each other. A solid electrolyte of ultraviolet-setting type is disposed between the color-forming layers of the electrochromic bases. The method of manufacturing the electrochromic element and the method of driving the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing planar dimmer comprising a transparent base, a dimming part, capable of dimming, disposed on the base, the dimming part comprising a first electrode layer formed on the base, a second electrode layer set facing the first electrode layer, a coloring part, disposed between the two electrode layers, and colors or discolors in response to the stimulus from the two electrode layers, and a conducting part disposed between the base and the first electrode layer in such a way as to be in contact with the first electrode layer in order to apply a uniform voltage throughout the first electrode layer.The process includes forming paint stripes, electrolessly plating a metal film over each of the stripes, forming an electrode layer over the metallized stripes, and forming a color-forming layer over the electrode layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a planar electrochromic dimmer used in dimming devices such as car sun roofs, and others having a structure comprising; a pair of bases, each comprising a transparent electrode film provided on each of a pair of bases, and arranged such that both transparent electrode films are facing each other, an electrolyte provided between the two electrode-equipped bases, a color-forming layer provided on at least one of the electrode-equipped bases, and a thin film with a visible ray transmittivity of 20-60% provided on at least one of the bases or the transaprent electrode films.

Abstract: A planar dimmer comprising a transparent base, a dimming part, capable of dimming, disposed on the base, the dimming part comprising a first electrode layer formed on the base, a second electrode layer set facing the first electrode layer, a coloring part disposed between the two electrode layers, and colors or discolors in response to the stimulus from the two electrode layers, and a conducting part disposed between the base and the first electrode layer in such a way as to be in contact with the first electrode layer in order to apply a uniform voltage throughout the first electrode layer.

Abstract: A two-component type developer comprising an electroscopic fixable toner containing, as the coloring pigment, carbon black having a coloring power of 100 to 120 and a magnetic carrier is sued for developing electrostatic latent images formed on a photosensitive plate in correspondence to an imitation original and an original, and the image density of the toner image corresponding to the imitation original is detected and the toner concentration in the developer is controlled based on the detected image density. According to this development process, the toner concentration in the developer can be maintained within an optimum range based on the optical density of the toner image formed on the photosensitive plate in correspondence to the imitation original.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrochromic element in which an oxidative color-forming layer is composed of an organic material and a reductive color-forming layer is composed of an inorganic material. The electrochromic element comprises a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent, the oxidative color-forming layer composed of organic materials such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc. and the reductive color-forming layer composed of inorganic materials such as WO.sub.3, MoO.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, etc. formed between the pair of electrodes to face to each other, and an electrolytic solution or a solid or semi-solid electrolyte layer sealed between the both color-forming layers.