Abstract: A composition for forming a resist underlayer film, the composition including: a polymer containing a unit structure (A) represented by the following formula (1); and a solvent: wherein, in the formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and L1 represents a monovalent organic group selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a monovalent heterocyclic group, where at least one hydrogen atom which the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the monovalent heterocyclic group have is substituted with a halogen atom, and where at least one hydrogen atom which the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the monovalent heterocyclic group have may be substituted with a hydroxy group.

Abstract: The present disclosure, among other things, provides technologies for synthesis, including reagents and methods for stereoselective synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds useful as chiral auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for oligonucleotide synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for chirally controlled preparation of oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, technologies of the present disclosure are particularly useful for constructing challenging internucleotidic linkages, providing high yields and stereoselectivity.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides oligonucleotides and compositions thereof. In some embodiments, provided oligonucleotides and compositions are useful for adenosine modification. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating various conditions, disorders or diseases that can benefit from adenosine modification.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides oligonucleotides and compositions thereof. In some embodiments, provided oligonucleotides and compositions are useful for adenosine modification. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating various conditions, disorders or diseases that can benefit from adenosine modification.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides technologies for oligonucleotide preparation, particularly chirally controlled oligonucleotide preparation, which technologies provide greatly improved crude purity and yield, and significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides cells and non-human animals engineered to express an ADAR1 polypeptide or a characteristic portion thereof. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides cells and non-human animals engineered to express a human ADAR1 polypeptide or a characteristic portion thereof. In some embodiments, non-human animals are genetically modified rodents such as mice, rat, etc. In some embodiments, non-human animals are mice. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies for assessing an agent comprising administering the agent to a cell or non-human animal engineered to express an ADAR1 polypeptide or a characteristic portion thereof. In some embodiments, such a cell or non-human animal is engineered to express a human ADAR1 polypeptide or a characteristic portion thereof. In some embodiments, an agent is a pharmaceutical agent. In some embodiments, an agent is or comprises an oligonucleotide.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides oligonucleotides, compositions, and methods for preventing and/ or treating various conditions, disorders or diseases. In some embodiments, provided technologies comprise nucleobase modifications, sugar modifications, intemucleotidic linkage modifications and/or patterns thereof, and have improved properties, activities and/or selectivities. In some embodiments, provided technologies target MAPT. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides MAPT oligonucleotides, compositions and methods for preventing and/or treating MAPT-associated conditions, disorders or diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) or Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD).

Abstract: The present disclosure, among other things, provides technologies for synthesis, including reagents and methods for stereoselective synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds useful as chiral auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for oligonucleotide synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for chirally controlled preparation of oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, technologies of the present disclosure are particularly useful for constructing challenging internucleotidic linkages, providing high yields and stereoselectivity.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides oligonucleotides and compositions thereof. In some embodiments, provided oligonucleotides and compositions are useful for adenosine modification. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating various conditions, disorders or diseases that can benefit from adenosine modification.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides modified oligonucleotides and compositions and methods thereof. In some embodiments, provided technologies comprise modified sugars and/or modified internucleotidic linkages. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies for preparing modified oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides chirally controlled oligonucleotide compositions and methods for their preparation and uses.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides technologies for oligonucleotide preparation, particularly chirally controlled oligonucleotide preparation, which technologies provide greatly improved crude purity and yield, and significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides technologies for oligonucleotide preparation, particularly chirally controlled oligonucleotide preparation, which technologies provide greatly improved crude purity and yield, and significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: The present disclosure, among other things, provides technologies for synthesis, including reagents and methods for stereoselective synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds useful as chiral auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for oligonucleotide synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for chirally controlled preparation of oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, technologies of the present disclosure are particularly useful for constructing challenging internucleotidic linkages, providing high yields and stereoselectivity.

Abstract: A double-stranded nucleic acid complex is a double-stranded nucleic acid complex including a first nucleic acid strand and a second nucleic acid strand bonded to each other, the second nucleic acid strand including a complementary region having a base sequence complementary to the first nucleic acid strand; the first nucleic acid strand including natural nucleosides and non-natural nucleosides; some of the nucleosides in at least one nucleic acid strand selected from the group consisting of the first nucleic acid strand and the second nucleic acid strand being bonded together by bonds including asymmetric phosphorus atoms; and absolute configurations of the asymmetric phosphorus atoms being regulated.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides designed oligonucleotides, compositions, and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for reducing levels of transcripts. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for modulating transcript splicing. In some embodiments, provided technologies can alter splicing of a dystrophin (DMD) transcript. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating diseases, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, etc.

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides designed DMD oligonucleotides, compositions, and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for repairing mutant DMD transcripts by skipping exon 51, so that the transcript can be translated into an internally truncated but at least partially functional Dystrophin protein variant. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for modulating DMD transcript splicing. In some embodiments, provided technologies can alter splicing of a dystrophin (DMD) DMD transcript. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating diseases, such as muscular dystrophy, including but not limited to Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, etc.

Abstract: To provide a chiral reagent or a salt thereof. The chiral reagent has following chemical formula (I). In the formula (I), G1 and G2 are independently a hydrogen atom, a nitro group (—NO2), a halogen atom, a cyano group (—CN), a group of formula (II) or (III), or both G1 and G2 taken together to form a group of formula (IV).

Abstract: The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on an antibody which controls HIV in an administration group with a high probability over a long period of time with one or several times of single-agent administration. As a result, the present inventors have surprisingly found that, when an SW-1C10 antibody, which is obtained by producing an antibody gene reported as 1C10 in silkworms, is singly administered only a few times, the viral load in the blood is suppressed to the detection limit or lower at an early stage in all of individuals to which the antibody has been administered, and moreover, the viral RNA load in the blood is maintained at the detection limit or lower for a long time of 12 weeks. Also, the yield of the antibody in silkworms is approximately several hundreds ?g per cocoon, or several ?g per 1 mg of cocoon, and studies to increase the productivity more than this level have not been conducted heretofore.

Abstract: To provide a chiral reagent or a salt thereof. The chiral reagent has following chemical formula (I). In the formula (I), G1 and G2 are independently a hydrogen atom, a nitro group (—NO2), a halogen atom, a cyano group (—CN), a group of formula (II) or (III), or both G1 and G2 taken together to form a group of formula (IV).

Abstract: Among other things, the present disclosure provides designed DMD oligonucleotides, compositions, and methods of use GC thereof. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for repairing mutant DMD transcripts by skipping exon 51 or exon 53, so that the transcript can be translated into an internally truncated but at least partially functional Dystrophin protein variant. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides technologies useful for modulating DMD transcript splicing. In some embodiments, provided technologies can alter splicing of a dystrophin (DMD) DMD transcript. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating diseases, such as muscular dystrophy, including but not limited to Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, etc.