Abstract: A process for producing an aldehyde compound of the invention comprising: reacting a compound represented by the following formula (a1) or (a2) with a hydrogen and a carbon monoxide in a presence of a compound containing a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorous compound so as to satisfy the following conditions (1) and (2) to synthesize an aldehyde compound; wherein the condition (1) is that a content of a metal included in the compound containing a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 is 0.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane resin of the present invention includes a step (i) of obtaining a prepolymer by adding an alcohol (B) to isocyanate (A) such that a ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanato groups of the isocyanate (A) falls into a range of 10 mol % to 20 mol % and reacting the isocyanate (A) with the alcohol (B) in the presence of an acidic phosphoric acid ester (C) and a hindered amine-based compound (D), a step (ii) of obtaining a polymerizable composition in a manner in which the alcohol (B) is further added to and mixed with the prepolymer at a temperature of equal to or less than 30° C., and a step (iii) of polymerizing the prepolymer and the alcohol (B) contained in the polymerizable composition. The isocyanate (A) contains an aromatic isocyanate and the alcohol (B) has two or more hydroxyl groups and is further defined.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition for an optical material includes: (A) one or more isocyanates having two or more isocyanato groups that contains an aromatic isocyanate; (B) one or more alcohols having two or more hydroxyl groups; and (C) an acid phosphate represented by the following formula (1), in which a ratio of the molar number of a secondary hydroxyl group to the total molar number of primary and secondary hydroxyl groups contained in the alcohol (B) is 50% or higher.

Abstract: A damage detecting device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a first speed generator, a second speed generator, a first waveform shaping section, a second waveform shaping section, and a determining section. The determining section compares a second rectangular wave shaped by the second waveform shaping section and a first rectangular wave shaped by the first waveform shaping section and, if the first rectangular wave is not output while the second rectangular wave is output, determines that a supporting device for an armature shaft is damaged or worn.

Abstract: A pierce nut used for a high-strength steel plate according to the invention includes a female screw thread portion formed in the center of a nut body, an annular piercing portion projecting around the female thread portion, and an annular outer peripheral projection extending from the periphery of the nut body. The outer periphery of the piercing portion forms a first sloping surface increasing in diameter toward the leading end thereof, and also the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral projection forms a second sloping surface increasing in diameter toward the leading end thereof. Serrations are formed on the second sloping surface. Even where a mating member is a high-strength steel plate, the pierce nut according to the invention can ensure the same peeling strength and rotation torque as with a conventional nut, without deformation of the pierce nut itself.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus may include a decoder that decodes a compressed audio stream encoded by a predetermined codec, a signal processing unit that applies predetermined signal processing to an audio stream obtained by decoding the compressed audio stream with the decoder, a first acquisition unit that acquires at least one of information described in a header of the compressed audio stream and management information for contents including the compressed audio stream, a setting unit that discriminates, on the basis of the information, a type of the codec used for the encode of the compressed audio stream and sets a codec used for encode of the audio stream, and an encoder that encodes, in accordance with the setting by the setting unit, the audio stream subjected to the signal processing by the signal processing unit and outputs the audio stream to an external apparatus that has a decoder.

Abstract: A process for producing an aldehyde compound of the invention comprising: reacting a compound represented by the following formula (a1) or (a2) with a hydrogen and a carbon monoxide in a presence of a compound containing a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorous compound so as to satisfy the following conditions (1) and (2) to synthesize an aldehyde compound; wherein the condition (1) is that a content of a metal included in the compound containing a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 is 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adjunctive agent and a method for lavaging the alimentary canal, which is able to reduce a dose of oral cleaning agent for lavaging the alimentary canal and is capable of realizing an excellent cleaning effect at the time of use of the oral cleaning agent. The adjunctive agent comprises butyric acid bacterium (for example, Clostridium butyricum and the like) and/or lactic acid bacterium (for example, species belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and the genus Bifidobacterium).

Abstract: The polymerization catalyst for a polythiourethane-based optical material of the present invention includes a sulfonate represented by the following general formula (1). Furthermore, in the formula, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.

Abstract: The process for producing an internal mold release agent for an optical material of the present invention includes a step of heating, to a range of 80° C. to 140° C., a composition including (a) a phosphoric ester compound, and (b) an alcohol compound containing an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and/or aromatic alcohol, when the total amount of (a) and (b) is 100% by weight, the alcohol compound (b) is included in an amount equal to or more than 2.5% by weight.

Abstract: A resin composition excellent in tintability and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing such a resin composition, and an optical component is provided. A polymerizable composition containing an isocyanate compound suitably used for transparent resin materials, at least one polythiol compound which may have one or more (poly) sulfide bonds in a molecule, and at least one polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in a molecule and/or at least one (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having one or more hydroxy groups and one or more thiol groups is used.

Abstract: The polymerizable composition for a polythiourethane optical material of the present invention includes (A) a polymerization catalyst for a polythiourethane optical material, (B) at least one compound selected from an isocyanate compound and an isothiocyanate compound, and (C) a compound containing one or more mercapto groups, wherein said polymerization catalyst for a polythiourethane optical material (A) includes (a1) a zinc compound, (a2) a compound represented by the following general formula (1), and (a3) a sulfonic acid represented by the following general formula (2):

Abstract: Provided are a polymerizable composition for giving a resin which has a high refractive index and low dispersion, and is especially excellent in impact resistance and tintability; and a resin and an optical component each obtained by curing the composition.

Abstract: A resin composition excellent in tintability and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing such a resin composition, and an optical component is provided. A polymerizable composition containing an isocyanate compound suitably used for transparent resin materials, at least one polythiol compound which may have one or more (poly) sulfide bonds in a molecule, and at least one polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in a molecule and/or at least one (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having one or more hydroxy groups and one or more thiol groups is used.

Abstract: An open/close control system for an inspection lid adapted not to open while a vehicle travels. An emergency release device is provided behind the inspection lid, where the emergency release device disables power transmission of a driver which opens and closes a side entrance/exit door of a railway vehicle. The emergency release device is installed in a space inside a wall surface inside the vehicle, and the space can be opened and closed by the inspection lid. The open/close control system has a locking device provided in the space inside the wall surface in order to restrict rotation of the inspection lid, and also has an open/close controller which detects traveling of the railway vehicle to actuate the locking device.

Abstract: The process for producing an internal mold release agent for an optical material of the present invention includes a step of heating, to a range of 80° C. to 140° C., a composition including (a) a phosphoric ester compound, and (b) an alcohol compound containing an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and/or aromatic alcohol, when the total amount of (a) and (b) is 100% by weight, the alcohol compound (b) is included in an amount equal to or more than 2.5% by weight.

Abstract: A resin composition excellent in tintability and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing such a resin composition, and an optical component is provided. A polymerizable composition containing an isocyanate compound suitably used for transparent resin materials, at least one polythiol compound which may have one or more (poly)sulfide bonds in a molecule, and at least one polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in a molecule and/or at least one (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having one or more hydroxy groups and one or more thiol groups is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adjunctive agent and a method for lavaging the alimentary canal, which is able to reduce a dose of oral cleaning agent for lavaging the alimentary canal and is capable of realizing an excellent cleaning effect at the time of use of the oral cleaning agent. The adjunctive agent comprises butyric acid bacterium (for example, Clostridium butyricum and the like) and/or lactic acid bacterium (for example, species belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and the genus Bifidobacterium).

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing effectively a high performance optical material (e.g. a lens) made of a polyurethane resin, which is transparent and colorless without a strain. In this process, the optical material is produced without causing striation or clouding by polymerizing a polymerizable composition comprising a polythiol compound and a polyiso(thio)cyanate compound, and characterized in that a water content in the composition is 10 to 300 ppm.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal mold release agent for the production of polythiourethane optical materials, which is obtained by mixing an acidic phosphate ester compound and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ga, Bi, Al and Zr. The internal mold release agent for the production of polythiourethane optical materials contains the metal in an amount of 0.01 to 20 weight %.