Abstract: An electrophoretic display medium includes at least one set of colored particles in a dielectric fluid, wherein the display medium has an electrical conductivity of about 10?11 to about 10?15 S/m. The display medium is included in an electrophoretic display device by including the medium in a multiplicity of individual reservoirs of a display layer or layers that is located between conductive substrates.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a transparent polymeric film including at least one cavity including a first particle species and a second particle species. Application of an electrical field causes the first particle species and the second particle species to separate from one another, and align on opposite sides of the cavity. Subsequent electric field applications cause migration of the first and second particle species, affecting a color state of the display. The electrophoretic display may be fabricated from multiple display cells arranged on a substrate.

Abstract: A display medium for an electrophoretic display device includes a liquid system, at least one thermally reversible gelling agent, and at least one set of particles exhibiting a color. Inclusion of the gelling agent enables an image formed in the display device at an elevated temperature of about or above the melting point of the gelling agent to be fixed in a gel state, e.g., at temperature of about or below a gel point of the gelling agent. The image thus has stability, even in the absence of an applied electrophoretic field.

Abstract: Exemplary electrophoretic ink capsules for electrophoretic displays, and methods for making the exemplary electrophoretic ink capsules are disclosed. In various embodiments, the electrophoretic ink capsules can include triboelectrically charged electrophoretic particles having higher electrical conductivity than conventionally charged electrophoretic particles allowing fabrication of electrophoretic displays with lower switching fields and faster response times.

Abstract: The disclosure provides, in various embodiments, a method of purifying polyalkylene. Also included are microencapsulated Gyricon beads, phase change ink, and toners comprising the purified polyalkylene.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a transparent polymeric film including at least one cavity including a first particle species and a second particle species. Application of an electrical field causes the first particle species and the second particle species to separate from one another, and align on opposite sides of the cavity. Subsequent electric field applications cause migration of the first and second particle species, affecting a color state of the display. The electrophoretic display may be fabricated from multiple display cells arranged on a substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing encapsulated bichromal balls. The method involves forming capsules of electrophoretic particles encapsulated within a dielectric fluid such as a hydrocarbon solvent or siloxane oil that includes a small amount of a gelating agent. Bichromal balls are then formed by heating the capsules and applying an electric field. The capsules are then cooled while the electric field is maintained. Upon sufficient gelling, the electrophoretic particles are fixed within the gelled medium, i.e. the capsule. The bichromal gel produced detaches from the inside wall of the capsule, and thereby constitute the resulting encapsulated bichromal balls.

Abstract: A display member for use at a temperature greater than at least about 40° C. The display member includes an arrangement of a plurality of optically anisotropic rotatable elements comprising a purified polymer. The plurality of rotatable elements have a surface in contact with an enabling fluid, the rotatable elements being electrically dipolar in the presence of the enabling fluid and being subject to rotation upon application of an electric field.

Abstract: Articles and methods for making capsules that include a cap of electrophoretic material suspended in a dielectric fluid are disclosed. The cap of electrophoretic material and dielectric fluid are encapsulated in a shell that forms the capsule. The cap may be moved to a viewable portion of an inner surface of the capsule shell, the cap proximate to the inner surface, when an electric field from of a pair of separated electrodes translates the cap of electrophoretic material in the capsule.

Abstract: Compositions of encapsulated triboelectrically charged particles and methods for making them using a spinning disc process are disclosed. The methods can be used to make charged pigment particles embedded in a neutral polymer matrix. The polymer matrix keeps oppositely charged pigment particle from agglomerating. The particles can be used for electrophoretic displays.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes one or more set of colored particles in a dielectric fluid, wherein at least one of the one or more set of particles comprise particles having a cationic coating thereon imparting a substantially uniform positive charge to the particles. The display medium is included in an electrophoretic display device by including the medium in a multiplicity of individual reservoirs of a display layer or layers that is located between conductive substrates.

Abstract: A capsule containing a rotatable element and a dielectric liquid including a lubricant dispersed therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing encapsulated bichromal balls. The method involves forming capsules of electrophoretic particles encapsulated within a dielectric fluid such as a hydrocarbon solvent or siloxane oil that includes a small amount of a gelating agent. Bichromal balls are then formed by heating the capsules and applying an electric field. The capsules are then cooled while the electric field is maintained. Upon sufficient gelling, the electrophoretic particles are fixed within the gelled medium, i.e. the capsule. The bichromal gel produced detaches from the inside wall of the capsule, and thereby constitute the resulting encapsulated bichromal balls.

Abstract: Toner particles and a dry-powder electrophoretic display employing such particles are disclosed herein. The toner particles adapted for a dry-powder electrophoretic display comprise emulsion/aggregation particles having a negative charge. At least a portion of the toner particles include a surface coating, comprising a methacrylate polymer, disposed on the surface of the toner particles to impart a positive charge to a set of toner particles. The emulsion/aggregation toner particles have a particle size generally less than about 10 micrometers that allows for improved image quality as compared to conventional toners utilized in dry-powder electrophoretic displays.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technique for producing bichromal balls that are adapted for use in high temperature applications. The bichromal balls find particular application in signs and display devices that can be used in environments in which the temperature exceeds 40° C.

Abstract: A display member for use at a temperature greater than at least about 40° C. The display member includes an arrangement of a plurality of optically anisotropic rotatable elements comprising a purified polymer. The plurality of rotatable elements have a surface in contact with an enabling fluid, the rotatable elements being electrically dipolar in the presence of the enabling fluid and being subject to rotation upon application of an electric field.

Abstract: Various layered arrays utilizing encapsulated bichromal balls are disclosed that can be used in display applications. Also disclosed are related methods for manufacturing the layered arrays, and forming displays. The methods are particularly well-suited for forming displays having one or more monolayer(s) of closely-packed encapsulated bichromal balls.

Abstract: Various layered arrays utilizing encapsulated bichromal balls are disclosed that can be used in display applications. Also disclosed are related methods for manufacturing the layered arrays using adhesive layers, and forming displays. The methods are particularly well-suited for forming displays having one or more monolayer(s) of closely-packed encapsulated bichromal balls.