Abstract: First, second, and third single-input, single-output operational amplifiers having associated input resistors and feedback resistors are connected in series between input and output terminals. First and second capacitors are also connected across associated first and second amplifiers to provide a second-order network transfer function. A fourth feedback resistor is connected between the output terminal of the third amplifier and the amplifier side of the first input resistor. The amplifier input sides of the second and third input resistors are also connected through associated feed-forward resistors to the one side of the first input resistor that is spaced from the first amplifier. Appropriate selection of element values enables synthesis of circuits having prescribed biquadratic transfer functions.

Abstract: The one-port network here includes a pair of terminals and a single differential-input operational amplifier having an output electrically connected through the series combination of a resistor R3 and capacitor C3 to a first input of the amplifier, through a resistor R4 to the second input of the amplifier, and through a resistor R7 to one terminal of the network. The first and second inputs to the amplifier are also electrically connected through an associated resistor R1 and capacitor C2 to the one network terminal. The other network terminal is connected to a ground reference potential and through resistors R5 and R6 to the first and second inputs, respectively, of the amplifier. With normalized values of network elements satisfying prescribed criteria, the impedance presented across the network terminals corresponds to that of the series combination of a super-inductor, an inductor, and a resistor.

Abstract: The one-port network here includes a pair of terminals and a single differential input operational amplifier having an output electrically connected through a resistor R3 to a first input of the amplifier, through a resistor R4 to a second input of the amplifier, through a resistor R7 to one terminal of the network, and through the series combination of the resistor R3 and a resistor R5 to the other terminal of the network which is also electrically connected to a ground reference potential. The second input of the amplifier is also connected to ground through a resistor r6. The first and second inputs of the amplifier are also electrically connected through the series combination of a resistor R1 and capacitor C1 and through a resistor R2, respectively, to the one network terminal.

Abstract: The one-port network here includes a pair of terminals having a resistor R7 electrically connected therebetween, and a differential-input operational amplifier having an output electrically connected through a resistor R3 to a first input of the amplifier and through a resistor R4 to a second input of the amplifier. The first input of the amplifier is connected through a capacitor C5 to one terminal of the network which is electrically connected to a ground reference potential. The second input of the amplifier is also connected to ground through a resistor R6. The first and second inputs of the amplifier are electrically connected through resistor R1 and capacitor C2, respectively, to the other terminal of the network.