Abstract: Processes for treating a fiber substrate are disclosed. A fiber substrate comprising borosilicate with acidic functional groups. A metal salt solution is introduced to the fiber substrate. The metal salt solution includes cations having an ionic charge of +2 or greater. The pH of the metal salt solution may be adjusted, and the cations are deposited on the glass fibers. The treated fiber substrate may be utilized to form a filter media.

Abstract: Processes for increasing a viricidal activity of a fiber substrate. The fiber substrate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups and may be acid leached to provide additional acidic groups. Metal ions may thereafter be exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. A divalent metal is introduced to the fiber substrate. An antiviral metal is introduced and deposited onto the fiber substrate by galvanic displacement. Subsequently, a further antiviral metal is introduced and deposited on the fiber substrate by an electroless process. The treated fiber substrate is washed and dried. The deposition of antiviral metals onto the fiber substrate to form a treated fiber substrate may occur before or after the fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media in a wet-laid paper making process.

Abstract: Processes for increasing a virucidal activity of a fiber substrate are disclosed. A fiber substrate comprising borosilicate is provided. The fiber substrate may comprise acidic functional groups. An antiviral metal salt solution is introduced to the fiber substrate to form an antiviral substrate. The pH of the antiviral metal salt solution is adjusted, and an antiviral metal ion is exchanged with a proton from the acidic functional groups. The antiviral metal is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001 to about 3.0 wt. % of the antiviral fiber substrate. The antiviral fiber substrate is incorporated into a filter media before or after the deposition of the antiviral metal onto the fiber substrate.

Abstract: Processes for increasing the viricidal activity of a fiber substrate. The fiber substrate is provided. An antiviral treatment containing a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound is introduced to the fiber substrate to form an antiviral substrate. The treated fiber substrate is washed and dried. The antiviral treatment may occur before or after the fiber substrate is incorporated into the HEPA filter media in a papermaking process. Also a filter made from treated fiber substrates.