Abstract: An electrostatic separation method includes: applying voltage between a lower electrode at a bottom portion of or in the raw material layer and an upper electrode above the raw material layer, generating an electric field between electrodes; fluidizing the raw material layer and bringing conductive particles and the lower electrode into contact in the raw material layer charging only the conductive particles wherein their polarity becomes the same as the lower electrode; generating polarity, the same as the upper electrode, by dielectric polarization on a conveyor belt downward-facing conveyance surface passing through a capture region above the raw material layer and under the upper electrode, the conveyance surface including a nonconductor; separates charged conductive particles from the raw material layer surface by electrostatic force and adhering conductive particles to the conveyor belt conveyance surface; and separating and collecting the particles from the conveyance surface that moved outside the ele

Abstract: The fatigue strength of a lap-welded joint, wherein an overlapping portion of a first steel material and an overlapping portion of a second steel material overlap with each other, and an edge portion of the first steel material is welded to a front face of the second steel material with a weld zone extending along the edge portion, is improved. First, when a direction perpendicular to an extending direction X of the weld zone and parallel to a front face of the second steel material is defined as a reference direction Y, the lap-welded joint is restrained from moving in the reference direction Y, and the first steel material and the second steel material are restrained from moving in their sheet-thickness directions. In this state, a portion of the second steel material is heated such that a melted portion is formed in the portion of the second steel material.

Abstract: A overlapped body 10 comprising steel plates 1a and 1b and satisfying (TS1×t1+TS2×t2)/(t1+t2)?440 is energized while being sandwiched and pressed by a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b to form a molten pool 4b at a steel plate interface 4 and thereby to join the steel plates 1a and 1b. TS1 represents the tensile strength (MPa) of the steel plate 1a, t1 represents the thickness (mm) of the steel plate 1a, TS2 represents the tensile strength (MPa) of the steel plate 1b, and t2 represents the thickness (mm) of the steel plate 1b. An energization point 4a is formed at the steel plate interface 4, and spot welding is performed such that the molten pool 4b is formed at a position at a horizontal distance W of 20 mm or less from the energization point 4a.

Abstract: An overlapped body 10 includes at least three steel plates 1a, 1b and 1c and in which at least one steel plate interface 2a has a contact resistance different from the contact resistance of another steel plate interface 2b. A molten pool is formed at the steel plate interfaces so as to join the steel plates 1a, 1b and 1c, and an energization point 5 is formed at the steel plate interface 2b having the largest contact resistance. Initial spot welding is performed under a condition in which a branch current is generated in the energization point 5 so as to form the molten pool. By doing so, it makes it difficult to generate the expulsion and surface flash at the steel plate interface where resistive heating is large and form the molten pool having a sufficiently large size at the steel plate interface where resistive heating is small.

Abstract: A overlapped body 10 comprising steel plates 1a and 1b and satisfying (TS1×t1+TS2×t2)/(t1+t2)?440 is energized while being sandwiched and pressed by a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b to form a molten pool 4b at a steel plate interface 4 and thereby to join the steel plates 1a and 1b. TS1 represents the tensile strength (MPa) of the steel plate 1a, t1 represents the thickness (mm) of the steel plate 1a, TS2 represents the tensile strength (MPa) of the steel plate 1b, and t2 represents the thickness (mm) of the steel plate 1b. An energization point 4a is formed at the steel plate interface 4, and spot welding is performed such that the molten pool 4b is formed at a position at a horizontal distance W of 20 mm or less from the energization point 4a.

Abstract: An overlapped body 10 includes at least three steel plates 1a, 1b and 1c and in which at least one steel plate interface 2a has a contact resistance different from the contact resistance of another steel plate interface 2b. A molten pool is formed at the steel plate interfaces so as to join the steel plates 1a, 1b and 1c, and an energization point 5 is formed at the steel plate interface 2b having the largest contact resistance. Initial spot welding is performed under a condition in which a branch current is generated in the energization point 5 so as to form the molten pool. By doing so, it makes it difficult to generate the expulsion and surface flash at the steel plate interface where resistive heating is large and form the molten pool having a sufficiently large size at the steel plate interface where resistive heating is small.

Abstract: It has been found that modification of surfaces of nanoparticles with a RolA protein decreases an immunostimulation activity of the nanoparticles on myeloid dendritic cells and also decreases phagocytosis of the nanoparticles by macrophages. The present invention provides nanoparticles being modified with a biological molecule and having an immune-response evasion function.

Abstract: It has been found that modification of surfaces of nanoparticles with a RolA protein decreases an immunostimulation activity of the nanoparticles on myeloid dendritic cells and also decreases phagocytosis of the nanoparticles by macrophages. The present invention provides nanoparticles being modified with a biological molecule and having an immune-response evasion function.