Abstract: A vehicle control system determines a travel priority of a vehicle based on a travel condition of the vehicle. In response to detection of an oncoming vehicle ahead of the vehicle along a single guide path, the system compares between the travel priority of the vehicle, and a travel priority of the oncoming vehicle, and selects one of the vehicle and the oncoming vehicle as a vehicle to change a traveling route, to allow the unselected vehicle to continue traveling along the single guide path.

Abstract: A vehicle control system determines a travel priority of a vehicle based on a travel condition of the vehicle. In response to detection of an oncoming vehicle ahead of the vehicle along a single guide path, the system compares between the travel priority of the vehicle, and a travel priority of the oncoming vehicle, and selects one of the vehicle and the oncoming vehicle as a vehicle to change a traveling route, to allow the unselected vehicle to continue traveling along the single guide path.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has at least one measurement unit, disposed on a respective power-supply line extending from a first power source to a respective at least one operation module disposed in the image forming apparatus, configured to measure power consumption at the at least one operation module; and a power-saving unit configured to shut down the power supply from the first power source to the at least one operation module to set the image forming apparatus to a power-save mode, wherein the image forming apparatus is configured to shut down power supply to the at least one measurement unit, when the power-saving unit sets the image forming apparatus to the power-save mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has at least one measurement unit, disposed on a respective power-supply line extending from a first power source to a respective at least one operation module disposed in the image forming apparatus, configured to measure power consumption at the at least one operation module; and a power-saving unit configured to shut down the power supply from the first power source to the at least one operation module to set the image forming apparatus to a power-save mode, wherein the image forming apparatus is configured to shut down power supply to the at least one measurement unit, when the power-saving unit sets the image forming apparatus to the power-save mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising a fixation device having a heating part for heating and fixing a toner image formed on a recording medium is provided, which comprises a rotational velocity detecting part for detecting a rotational velocity of a conveyance roller for conveying the recording medium and a control part for estimating a surface temperature of the recording medium based on the rotational velocity of the conveyance roller detected by the rotational velocity detecting part, for estimating a temperature change of the heating part at a time of fixation based on the estimated surface temperature, and for determining a heating control variable of the heating part based on the temperature change.

Abstract: A heater device includes a heating unit which includes a heating element that generates heat using an induction-heating method. A power supply part supplies a driving current to the heating unit. A first high-frequency component cutoff unit is connected to the power supply part. A switching unit controls the supply of the driving current from the power supply part to the heating unit. A second high-frequency component cutoff unit is connected to the switching unit. And a connection unit connects the first high-frequency component cutoff unit and the second high-frequency component cutoff unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising a fixation device having a heating part for heating and fixing a toner image formed on a recording medium is provided, which comprises a rotational velocity detecting part for detecting a rotational velocity of a conveyance roller for conveying the recording medium and a control part for estimating a surface temperature of the recording medium based on the rotational velocity of the conveyance roller detected by the rotational velocity detecting part, for estimating a temperature change of the heating part at a time of fixation based on the estimated surface temperature, and for determining a heating control variable of the heating part based on the temperature change.

Abstract: Anhydrous magnesium chloride is prepared by a process in which hydrated magnesium chloride (10) is mixed in a vessel (11) with ethylene glycol (12). The mixture (13) is dehydrated in distillation columns (14, 15 and 16) with the dehydrated ethylene glycol magnesium chloride solution (20) pumped into a crystalliser (21) simultaneously with the separate addition of anhydrous ammonia gas (22) to the crystalliser (21). Prior to the introduction of reactants (20 and 22), the crystalliser (21) contains ethylene glycol saturated with ammonia. A crystalliser slurry of magnesium chloride hexammoniate (23) is continuously pumped from the crystalliser (21) into a pressure filter (24) where the crystals are washed with methanol saturated with ammonia (26). The washed crystals (27) are transferred to a fluidised bed calciner (28) where methanol is evaporated from the crystals at 120.degree. C. and thereafter the crystals are calcined to anhydrous magnesium chloride at 450.degree. C.