Abstract: In order to execute a plurality of transactions using a plurality of computers connected in a network, a plurality of distribution arrangements are defined and stored in one of the computers, which acts as a management computer. Each distribution arrangement corresponds to a predetermined distribution of the transactions among the computers. One of the distribution arrangements is distributed to all the computers, and transactions executed on the basis of that distribution arrangement. Subsequently, a further distribution arrangement is distributed to the computers so that, when a suitable change-over conduction occurs, the transactions may be executed on the basis of the further distribution arrangement. The change-over condition may correspond to a particular time, failure of one of the computers, expansion of the network, or overload. In this way, the network may adapt to different circumstances without excessive processing being required.

Abstract: Several processors and several communication control units are connected to a transmission medium. Each communication control unit has one or more terminal devices connected to it, and so any terminal device can be coupled to any processor. Each processor includes a central processing unit, a memory, and a control manager. The memory stores first information regarding processing being done with a terminal device coupled to the processor and second information regarding the communication control units connected to each of the processors and regarding the terminal devices being serviced by the processor. The control manager manages the communication control units based on the stored information. Information about the connections between the processors and the communication control units is broadcast to all processors. If any processor is faulty, another processor can take over the processing being done by the faulty processor.