Abstract: A fuel cell is provided with a membrane-electrode assembly 15 in which catalyst layers 15b as a pair of electrodes are bonded to both the surfaces of an electrolyte membrane 15a, and diffusion layers 16 arranged on both the surfaces of this membrane-electrode assembly 15. The membrane-electrode assembly 15 and the diffusion layer 16s are laminated without bonding at least a part between the membrane-electrode assembly 15 and the diffusion layers 16. Thus, sliding and separating between the catalyst layer 15b and the diffusion layers 16 are allowed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steel pipe excellent in formability during hydraulic forming and the like and a method to produce the same, and more specifically: a steel pipe excellent in formability having an r-value of 1.4 or larger in the axial direction of the steel pipe, and the property that the average of the ratios of the X-ray intensity in the orientation component group of {110}<110> to {332}<110> on the plane at the center of the steel pipe wall thickness to the random X-ray intensity is 3.5 or larger, and/or the ratio of the X-ray intensity in the orientation component of {110}<110> on the plane at the center of the steel pipe wall thickness to the random X-ray intensity is 5.