Abstract: A parallel mechanism has a plurality of arms. Each of the arms has a ball joint. The ball joint includes a ball stud with a shaft portion and ball-shaped head, and a socket swingably and pivotally movably holding the ball-shaped head of the ball stud. The socket includes a semispherical recess portion holding the ball-shaped head from a top portion to an equator thereof, and an extending portion which is smoothly continuous with the semispherical recess portion and which extends from the equator of the ball-shaped head to the shaft portion side. The inner diameter of an opening in the extending portion is equal to or larger than the diameter of the ball-shaped head.

Abstract: The constant voltage power source circuit which generates a predetermined constant voltage output Vcc by the use of power supplied from an in-vehicle battery via a power switch has a power transistor and an output voltage adjustment circuit. The output voltage adjustment circuit has a reference voltage generation circuit, a comparison amplification circuit, a resistance circuit network, and a nonvolatile second data memory selecting any of a plurality of on/off elements provided in the resistance circuit network and producing electric continuity of the selected on/off element. The constant voltage output Vcc is measured by an externally connected high accuracy voltmeter in the dispatch adjustment stage to be read out and stored via a serially connected external tool. Output voltage correction data are stored in the second data memory in such a manner as to set the external measurement voltage as a target voltage.

Abstract: An in-vehicle electronic control apparatus having a monitoring control circuit is configured in such a way that a monitoring control circuit unit transmits question information from a logic circuit unit; a main control circuit transmits answer information generated by a microprocessor; the monitoring control circuit unit applies an addition and subtraction correction to the value of a first present-value memory by use of a first and fourth variation values ?1 and ?4, in response to the result of a comparison between correct-solution information stored in a data memory and the answer information; and when the accumulated present value exceeds an abnormality determination threshold value Nj, the monitoring control circuit unit generates a first abnormality detection signal so as to initialize and restart the microprocessor, and variably sets the abnormality determination threshold value Nj or an abnormality determination time, based on selection information obtained through a printed patter

Abstract: (Object) To take measures against defects in the conduction by preventing shavings of the orientation film from getting into the terminal portion for liquid crystal display devices using an organic passivation film on a TFT substrate. (Means for Achieving Object) Image signal lines 107 extend to a terminal portion. The image signal lines 107, excluding the terminal portion, are covered with an inorganic passivation film 108 and an organic passivation film 109. In the terminal portion, terminal portion through holes are created in the organic passivation film 109 and the inorganic passivation film 108, in order to make electrical connection possible. The terminal portion is covered with an ITO film 120 in order to protect the video signal lines 107.

Abstract: A differential rate rotary thickener; a power detector which is disposed in a sludge receiver tank for thickened sludge thickened in the differential rate rotary thickener; a discriminator which receives an electric signal for a thickened sludge concentration (X) detected by the power detector and which calculates and discriminate the data; a first controller which receives an instruction signal being a discriminated result in the discriminator and which operates an outer cylinder driving machine and a screw driving machine; a ratio setter which receives a discriminated signal of the discriminator and which increases or decreases a chemical feed rate (?) of flocculant stepwise; and a second controller which receives an instruction signal from the ratio setter and which operates a flocculant-feeding pump are provided. Thickening of sludge is performed by controlling the chemical feed rate (?), a rotational speed (S) of a screw, and a rotational speed (C) of an outer cylinder screen.

Abstract: A constant-voltage power supply circuit unit that is fed from a vehicle-borne battery via a power switch and generates a predetermined constant-voltage output Vcc includes a power transistor and an output voltage regulating circuit unit. The output voltage regulating circuit unit includes a reference voltage generating circuit, a comparison amplifying circuit, a resistance circuit network, a non-volatile second data memory that selectively continues plural open/close elements provided in the resistance circuit network, and a temperature detector. The quantity of variation of output voltage with respect to ambient temperature detected by the temperature detector is estimated, and a setting voltage is corrected to be approximate to a predetermined output voltage, or conversion correction of AD conversion data is performed on the basis of voltage variation characteristics of an analog sensor.

Abstract: In an in-vehicle mount electronic controller, a constant-voltage power supply generates a high-precision small-capacity 5V output voltage Vad, a low-precision large-capacity 5V output voltage Vif and a low-precision large-capacity 3.3V output voltage Vcp, and also generates at least one of a low-precision small-capacity 2.8V output voltage Vup and a high-precision small-capacity 3.3V output voltage Vsb. A judgment signal input circuit logically combines comparison results of divided voltages of the above output voltages Vif, Vcp, Vup and Vsb with a divided voltage of the output voltage Vad as a reference voltage, and inputs relative voltage information ER2, ER3, ER4 and ER5 to a microprocessor. The microprocessor comprehensively judges the output voltages containing the comparison reference voltage, and reports abnormality or saves abnormality occurrence information.

Abstract: A first control circuit portion carries out input/output control in cooperation with a microprocessor, a program memory, and a RAM memory. A second control circuit portion is in cooperation with the communication control circuit portion and the data memory to carry out serial communication with the first control circuit portion. A switch signal input to the second control circuit portion is stored in a first report packet, a digital conversion value for an analog signal input is stored in a second report packet, and the first and second packets are alternately periodically transmitted to the first control circuit portion. A multi-channel AD converter included in an analog signal input circuit starts to carry out AD conversion a prescribed time period after a first report packet is transmitted and finishes conversion before a second report packet is transmitted, so that up-to-date AD conversion data is transmitted.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine can detect knocking of the engine even when an extraction frequency band is switched in accordance with an operating state of the engine. The apparatus includes a knock sensor for detecting vibrations generated in the engine and outputting a vibration detection signal, a rotation sensor for detecting the engine operating state, a SCF circuit for extracting a signal of a specific frequency band from the vibration detection signal and outputting an extracted vibration signal, a filter frequency switching section for switching an extraction frequency band of the filter section in accordance with the engine operating state, and a knocking detection section for detecting knocking of the engine based on the extracted vibration signal. The filter frequency switching section inhibits switching of the extraction frequency band until a switching inhibition period elapses after the switching of the extraction frequency band.

Abstract: A first output voltage Vcc is obtained via a first switching element from an external power supply, and a second output voltage Vme via a second switching element cascade-connected to the first switching element. The first switching element has a base current continuously controlled by a first comparator/amplifier to maintain the voltage Vcc at a predetermined value. The second switching element has a base current continuously controlled by a second comparator/amplifier to maintain the voltage Vme at a predetermined value. A third switching element connected in parallel to the first switching element and controlled by a duty-factor control circuit makes a bypass power supply to maintain a current flowing through the first switching element not more than a predetermined value. Thus, a constant voltage control device obtaining two types of stabilized voltages from external power supply of large voltage variation can reduce power consumption and improve voltage control accuracy.

Abstract: An on-vehicle electronic control device 100A serially transmits A/D conversion data of plural channels from a second control circuit unit 300A including a multichannel A/D converter 204A to a microprocessor 110A disposed in a first control circuit unit 200A. The A/D conversion data are organized into a communication packet and transmitted via first and second buffer memories 204b and 204d, and when there is an abnormality in the A/D conversion data, transfer between the first and second buffer memories 204b and 204d is prohibited and an abnormality report is performed with respect to the microprocessor 110A. As a result, erroneous data are not transmitted, and communication congestion and the burden of the microprocessor 110A are alleviated.

Abstract: A signal voltage, which a variable analog signal source generates, is inputted to a microprocessor via a gain adjustment circuit, a switched capacitor filter circuit, and an analog comparison circuit. The microprocessor that cooperates with a program memory generates a control signal pulse train of a variable period and a variable duty. Filter characteristics are adjusted with a period of the control signal pulse trains CNTa and CNTb, and gain is adjusted with a pulse duty. Even if a comparison reference voltage of the analog adjustment circuit is a fixed value, it is possible to make virtual change and adjustment of a comparison reference voltage by adjusting a gain of the gain adjustment circuit. As a result, it is possible to provide an analog input signal processing circuit capable of individually adjusting input filter characteristics and input gain.

Abstract: A signal voltage, which a variable analog signal source generates, is inputted to a microprocessor via a gain adjustment circuit, a switched capacitor filter circuit, and an analog comparison circuit. The microprocessor that cooperates with a program memory generates a control signal pulse train of a variable period and a variable duty. Filter characteristics are adjusted with a period of the control signal pulse trains CNTa and CNTb, and gain is adjusted with a pulse duty. Even if a comparison reference voltage of the analog adjustment circuit is a fixed value, it is possible to make virtual change and adjustment of a comparison reference voltage by adjusting a gain of the gain adjustment circuit. As a result, it is possible to provide an analog input signal processing circuit capable of individually adjusting input filter characteristics and input gain.

Abstract: A first output voltage Vcc is obtained via a first switching element from an external power supply, and a second output voltage Vme via a second switching element cascade-connected to the first switching element. The first switching element has a base current continuously controlled by a first comparator/amplifier to maintain the voltage Vcc at a predetermined value. The second switching element has a base current continuously controlled by a second comparator/amplifier to maintain the voltage Vme at a predetermined value. A third switching element connected in parallel to the first switching element and controlled by a duty-factor control circuit makes a bypass power supply to maintain a current flowing through the first switching element not more than a predetermined value. Thus, a constant voltage control device obtaining two types of stabilized voltages from external power supply of large voltage variation can reduce power consumption and improve voltage control accuracy.

Abstract: A constant-voltage power supply circuit unit that is fed from a vehicle-borne battery via a power switch and generates a predetermined constant-voltage output Vcc includes a power transistor and an output voltage regulating circuit unit. The output voltage regulating circuit unit includes a reference voltage generating circuit, a comparison amplifying circuit, a resistance circuit network, a non-volatile second data memory that selectively continues plural open/close elements provided in the resistance circuit network, and a temperature detector. The quantity of variation of output voltage with respect to ambient temperature detected by the temperature detector is estimated, and a setting voltage is corrected to be approximate to a predetermined output voltage, or conversion correction of AD conversion data is performed on the basis of voltage variation characteristics of an analog sensor.

Abstract: The constant voltage power source circuit which generates a predetermined constant voltage output Vcc by the use of power supplied from an in-vehicle battery via a power switch has a power transistor and an output voltage adjustment circuit. The output voltage adjustment circuit has a reference voltage generation circuit, a comparison amplification circuit, a resistance circuit network, and a nonvolatile second data memory selecting any of a plurality of on/off elements provided in the resistance circuit network and producing electric continuity of the selected on/off element. The constant voltage output Vcc is measured by an externally connected high accuracy voltmeter in the dispatch adjustment stage to be read out and stored via a serially connected external tool. Output voltage correction data are stored in the second data memory in such a manner as to set the external measurement voltage as a target voltage.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine comprising: a knocking sensor for detecting a knocking signal of the internal combustion engine; a band pass filter for extracting a knocking signal of a predetermined frequency band from the output signal of the knocking sensor; a high pass filter comprising a capacitor and a resistor for extracting an AC component from the output of the band pass filter; a rectifying circuit having a one-way conducting element and a resistor for achieving positive half waves from the AC output of the high pass filter; and a peak hold circuit for detecting a peak value from positive half wave pulses output from the rectifying circuit, holding the peak value for a predetermined time and outputting the peak value to ignition timing control, wherein the one-way conducting element of the rectifying circuit is constructed as a negative voltage clipping mechanism for achieving positive half waves by short-circuiting negative half waves, and also with respect to each of the circuit

Abstract: A first control circuit portion carries out input/output control in cooperation with a microprocessor, a program memory, and a RAM memory. A second control circuit portion is in cooperation with the communication control circuit portion and the data memory to carry out serial communication with the first control circuit portion. A switch signal input to the second control circuit portion is stored in a first report packet, a digital conversion value for an analog signal input is stored in a second report packet, and the first and second packets are alternately periodically transmitted to the first control circuit portion. A multi-channel AD converter included in an analog signal input circuit starts to carry out AD conversion a prescribed time period after a first report packet is transmitted and finishes conversion before a second report packet is transmitted, so that up-to-date AD conversion data is transmitted.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal processor including a microprocessor for generating and supplying a control signal pulse train, a gain control circuit having a first switching device opened/closed by the control signal pulse train and resistors for determining an amplification factor with respect to a signal voltage as input and varying the resistances of the resistors in response to a pulse duty of the control signal pulse train, thereby controlling the amplification factor with respect to the signal voltage as input, and a switched capacitor filter circuit having second switching devices opened/closed by the control signal pulse train and a charging/discharging capacitor connected to the second switching devices, thereby adjusting filter characteristics in response to the pulse frequency of the control signal pulse train. The control signal pulse train is supplied commonly to the first and second switching devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal processor including a microprocessor for generating and supplying a control signal pulse train, a gain control circuit having a first switching device opened/closed by the control signal pulse train and resistors for determining an amplification factor with respect to a signal voltage as input and varying the resistances of the resistors in response to a pulse duty of the control signal pulse train, thereby controlling the amplification factor with respect to the signal voltage as input, and a switched capacitor filter circuit having second switching devices opened/closed by the control signal pulse train and a charging/discharging capacitor connected to the second switching devices, thereby adjusting filter characteristics in response to the pulse frequency of the control signal pulse train. The control signal pulse train is supplied commonly to the first and second switching devices.