Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member having a photoconductive layer of a capacitance per unit area of 1.7×10?6 (F/m2) or more; and a developing device having a developer carrying member to which development voltage is applied for developing a latent image to form a toner image on the image bearing member, wherein the following expression is satisfied: ? Q M ? ? 0.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a two-component developer which can achieve a high-definition image with a smaller toner laid-on level than a conventional one, provides a color gamut comparable to that of printing, can respond to an increase in printing speed, and allows an image with a stable tinge to be formed even in long-term use. The object can be achieved by a two-component developer containing a cyan toner and a magnetic carrier, the two-component developer being characterized in that the cyan toner has the following characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the cyan toner in a solution of the cyan toner in chloroform is represented by Cc (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 712 nm is represented by A712, a relationship between Cc and A712 satisfies the relationship of 2.00<A712/Cc<8.15; (ii) the lightness L* and chroma C* of the cyan toner determined in a powder state satisfy the relationships of 25.0?L*?40.0 and 50.0?C*?60.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum to which an electrostatic image is formed and a developing sleeve carrying a developer including toner carrier. An alternating voltage is applied to the sleeve to form an alternating electric field between the sleeve and the drum to develop the electrostatic image with the developer. A relation |K1|<|K2| is satisfied, where K1: a slope at an electric field intensity Ed=|(Vp2?VL)/D|, K2: a slope at an electric field intensity Eb=|(Vp1?VL)/D|, VL: a potential [V] of the electrostatic image at which a maximum density is obtained, Vp1: a peak potential [V] that provides a potential difference to move the toner toward the drum, Vp2: a peak potential [V] that provides a potential difference to move the toner toward the sleeve, and D: a closest distance [m] between the drum and the sleeve.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, wherein the following formulae are satisfied: 0.22 ? ( M / S ) L ? 0.4 , ? ( Q M ) L = Vc ( Lt 2 ? ? 0 ? ? t + Ld ? 0 ? ? d ) × ( M S ) L ( Dt ? ? max - Dt 0.1 ) { ? × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } ? ( Lt 2 ? ? 0 ? ? t + Ld ? 0 ? ? d ) × ( M S ) L 500 ? ?? ? ( Dt ? ? max - Dt 0.1 ) { ? × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } ? ( Lt 2 ? ? 0 ? ? t + Ld ? 0 ? ? d ) × ( M S ) L 150 ?? ? ( Dt ? ? max - Dt 0.1 ) { ? × ( M S ) L - 0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member; and a developer bearing member bearing a developer including a toner and a carrier, the developer bearing member developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with the developer, and the developer bearing member being applied with an alternate voltage in order to form an alternate electric field between the developer bearing member and the image bearing member, wherein assuming that electric field intensities Eb and Ed be Eb=|(Vp1?VL)/D| and Ed=|(Vp2?VL)/D|, a relationship, 0?K1>K2, is satisfied, where K1: a gradient at Ed, and K2: a gradient at Eb, and wherein a resistivity ?b of the carrier at the electric field intensity Eb satisfies 1.1×106×en<?b<6.0×107 [?·m] (where: e is the base of natural logarithms; and n=4×Eb×10?7).

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member having a photoconductive layer of a capacitance per unit area of 1.7×10?6 (F/m2) or more; and a developing device having a developer carrying member to which development voltage is applied for developing a latent image to form a toner image on the image bearing member, wherein the following Expression is satisfied: ? Q M ? ? 0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, having a capacitance per unit area of 1.7×10?6 (F/M2) or larger; an exposure device, which exposes the photosensitive member in order to form thereon an electrostatic image according to image information; a developing device, which develops the electrostatic image with a toner to form a toner image on the photosensitive member; and a transfer device, which transfers the toner image onto a recording material; wherein, in forming a solid toner image on the recording material, the exposure device is capable of forming electrostatic images of different potential levels on the photosensitive member, thereby forming toner images of different toner heights on the photosensitive member.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying a developer to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on and image bearing member, the developer carrying member having an elastic property; scraping/supplying member, contacted into the developer carrying member, for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member and for scraping the developer off the developer carrying member, the scraping/supplying member having an elastic property, wherein the developer carrying member has a hardness which is higher than that of the scraping/supplying member, and wherein the developer carrying member and the scraping/supplying member satisfy that in a state in which the scraping/supplying member is out of contact with the developer carrying member, a radius of curvature of the scraping/supplying member is larger than a radius of curvature of the developer carrying member at a position of contact between the scraping/supplying member and the developer carrying member.

Abstract: The developing apparatus includes a developer bearing member, a developer removing-feeding member and a circulating member, wherein the developer circulating member has a push-in amount to the removing-feeding member equal to or larger than a push-in amount of the developer circulating member to the developer removing-feeding member, thereby preventing toner fusion or generation of uncharged developer by a deterioration of the developer, and realizing stable development over a prolonged period.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying a developer to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on and image bearing member, the developer carrying member having an elastic property; scraping/supplying member, contacted into the developer carrying member, for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member and for scraping the developer off the developer carrying member, the scraping/supplying member having an elastic property, wherein the developer carrying member has a hardness which is higher than that of the scraping/supplying member, and wherein the developer carrying member and the scraping/supplying member satisfy that in a state in which the scraping/supplying member is out of contact with the developer carrying member, a radius of curvature of the scraping/supplying member is larger than a radius of curvature of the developer carrying member at a position of contact between the scraping/supplying member and the developer carrying member.

Abstract: The developing apparatus includes a developer bearing member, a developer removing-feeding member and a circulating member, wherein the developer circulating member has a push-in amount to the removing-feeding member equal to or larger than a push-in amount of the developer circulating member to the developer removing-feeding member, thereby preventing toner fusion or generation of uncharged developer by a deterioration of the developer, and realizing stable development over a prolonged period.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus that has an image bearing body, a flexible charging member constituting a nip portion together with the image bearing body, the nip portion being provided with conductive particles, and a developing member for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing body, with use of a developing agent, wherein the developing agent has substantially spherical toner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and an electrostatic image forming device, which is adapted to form an electrostatic image on the image bearing member, and which includes an electrifying member contacted with the image bearing member to electrify the image bearing member. The electrifying member includes a first conductive member to which voltage is applied, and a developer carrying member cooperating with the image bearing member to form a nip therebetween and is adapted to carry developer to the nip and to develop the electrostatic image with the developer. The electrifying member also includes a second conductive member to which a voltage is applied. A resistance value between the second conductive member and a developer layer of the developer carried on the developer carrying member is greater than a resistance value between the first conductive member and a surface of the image bearing member.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus that has an image bearing body, a flexible charging member constituting a nip portion together with the image bearing body, the nip portion being provided with conductive particles, and a developing member for developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing body, with use of a developing agent, wherein the developing agent has substantially spherical toner.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming apparatus comprising an image bearing member, an electrostatic image forming device adapted to form an electrostatic image on the image bearing member and including an electrifying member contacted with the image bearing member to electrify the image bearing member, the electrifying member having a first conductive member to which voltage is applied, and a developer carrying member cooperating with the image bearing member to form a nip therebetween and adapted to carry developer to the nip and to develop the electrostatic image with the developer and having a second conductive member to which voltage is applied, and wherein a resistance value between the second conductive member and a developer layer of the developer carried on the developer carrying member is greater than a resistance value between the first conductive member and a surface of the image bearing member.