Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for predictive modeling for unintended outcomes are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes the actions of accessing an order history that, for each of one or more past orders, indicates (i) one or more order details associated with the order, and (ii) a fulfillment outcome associated with the order. The actions further include selecting one or more particular past orders that are associated with the particular unintended order fulfillment outcome. The actions further include generating a predictive model. The actions further include receiving one or more order details associated with a subsequently received order. The actions further include providing the one or more order details as input to the predictive model. The actions further include, identifying a remedial action. The actions further include providing data indicating the remedial action.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for predictive modeling for unintended outcomes are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes the actions of accessing an order history that, for each of one or more past orders, indicates (i) one or more order details associated with the order, and (ii) a fulfillment outcome associated with the order. The actions further include selecting one or more particular past orders that are associated with the particular unintended order fulfillment outcome. The actions further include generating a predictive model. The actions further include receiving one or more order details associated with a subsequently received order. The actions further include providing the one or more order details as input to the predictive model. The actions further include, identifying a remedial action. The actions further include providing data indicating the remedial action.

Abstract: A pluggable authentication module (PAM) is designed for compatibility with a receiver component. In response to a request for a protected web resource, the receiver component receives a user identification (user ID) from a secure and trusted source; the receiver component need not receive a password corresponding to the user ID. The receiver component generates and sends a login request to the PAM for authentication of the user. The login request contains a representation of the user ID, but is void of a corresponding user password. The receiver component and the PAM perform a trust establishment protocol that enables the PAM to determine whether the login request (and the received user ID) is legitimate.