Abstract: This invention relates to a process wherein improved production of catalysts is made possible according to an evolutionary method. The principles of mutation and crossing of catalyst components and determination of performance parameters of the mixed catalysts used here are carried out in 5 to 50 catalyst generations in such way that two mixed catalysts are selected from the same generation in crossing, and at least one selected component is exchanged between the two, and in mutation of a selected mixed catalyst, a selected component from a catalyst mixture is introduced into the catalyst or, if already present in it, it is removed from the catalyst. The selection is made in all cases by using random generators with a uniform distribution. The same procedure is used for the gas flow composition, the temperature and the space velocity as the other performance parameters.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for removing traces of hydrocarbons, particularly propane, from gas flows. The conversion of hydrocarbons into carbon oxides is achieved by loading suitable carrier materials, such as e.g. TiO2 or Al2O3, with ruthenium as active component, possibly doping them with one or more further element(s), and subsequently calcining and/or reducing them at an increased temperature. By means of these catalysts, and at 20 to 150° C. and while adding molecular oxygen, hydrocarbons, particularly propane, in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2,000 ppm are oxidized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing acetic acid by oxidizing ethane in fluid bed reactors with high selectivity and high yields.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing acetic acid by oxidizing ethane in fluid bed reactors with high selectivity and high yields.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for removing traces of hydrocarbons, particularly propane, from gas flows. The conversion of hydrocarbons into carbon oxides is achieved by loading suitable carrier materials, such as e.g. TiO2 or Al2O3, with ruthenium as active component, possibly doping them with one or more further element(s), and subsequently calcining and/or reducing them at an increased temperature. By means of these catalysts, and at 20 to 150° C. and while adding molecular oxygen, hydrocarbons, particularly propane, in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2,000 ppm are oxidized.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process wherein improved production of catalysts is made possible according to an evolutionary method. The principles of mutation and crossing of catalyst components and determination of performance parameters of the mixed catalysts used here are carried out in 5 to 50 catalyst generations in such way that two mixed catalysts are selected from the same generation in crossing, and at least one selected component is exchanged between the two, and in mutation of a selected mixed catalyst, a selected component from a catalyst mixture is introduced into the catalyst or, if already present in it, it is removed from the catalyst. The selection is made in all cases by using random generators with a uniform distribution. The same procedure is used for the gas flow composition, the temperature and the space velocity as the other performance parameters.

Abstract: A continuous process for the catalytic oxidative coupling in the presence of oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to C.sub.n H.sub.m hydrocarbons (n.gtoreq.2, m=2n or 2n+2) at temperatures between 500.degree. and 900.degree. C., with partial pressures of methane above 0.5 bar and a ratio of the partial pressures of methane and oxygen between 1 and 20 is described. This process uses oxides, peroxides, hyperoxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates and silicates of the elements belonging to the 1., 2. and 4. main group of the periodic system as catalysts with and without a support material.

Abstract: Process and device for the production of ethane and/or ethylene by heterogeneous catalytic reaction of methane and oxygen using a catalyst suitable for the formation of C.sub.2 hydrocarbons at increased temperatures, whereby in continuous operation a mixture of methane and oxygen is reacted at temperatures between 500.degree. and 900.degree. C. and at an oxygen partial pressure of less than 0.5 bar at the reactor entrance, while the ratio of the methane partial pressure to the oxygen partial pressure is greater than 1.The conversion reaction takes place with or without gas recycling in a reactor containing a bed of solid catalyst or by the use of a fluidized bed of fluidized catalyst particles, or in a cross-flow reactor with distributed input of oxygen.