Abstract: This invention relates to o-tolylenediamine-based polyether polyols having an OH number of about 400 to 630, in which about 5 to 20% of the isocyanate-reactive groups of the polyether polyols are secondary amino groups and which contain less than about 0.2% by weight free o-tolylenediamine. The polyether polyols of the invention are formed by sequential reaction of o-tolylenediamine first with about 2 to 5 mol of ethylene oxide and then with about 1 to 5 mol of propylene oxide per mol of o-tolylenediamine. This invention also relates to the process for the production of polyether polyols using said sequential reaction at a temperature of about 90.degree. to 125.degree. C. and in the presence of an amine catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the strengthening of geological formations in underground workings and mines by the introduction of reaction mixtures which react to form polyurethanes into the formations which are to be strengthened, the reaction mixtures being based on(a) a polyisocyanate component,(b) a polyol component and(c) an ester,the ester having a hydroxyl number of about 10 to 630 and an acid number of at most 10 and obtained from (i) an acid component having a carboxyl functionality of at least 1.5 and containing a polymerized fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof with unpolymerized saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having at least 12 carbon atoms and (ii) a polyol component containing at least one polyhydric alcohol, the ester being present in a positive amount of up to 5% by weight, based on the weight of component (b).

Abstract: A superconducting fiber of a superconducting fiber bundle includes a carrier fiber having an outer surface, and superconducting layers and separating layers alternatingly surrounding the outer surface of the carrier fiber and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: Superconducting fiber bundle which contains a multiplicity of carrier fibers such as, for instance, carbon fibers, boron fibers, steel fibers coated with a superconducting layer of a niobium compound of the general formula NbC.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z (x+y+z less than or equal to 1), characterized by the feature that the superconducting layer consists of fine-grained B1-structure niobium compound, the mean grain size of which is between 3 and 50 nm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of polymers containing hydroxyl groups by reacting polymers based on acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and containing carboxyl groups with alkylene oxides in the presence of catalysts, characterized in that the catalysts used are(a) addition products containing two thioether groups of (i) mercaptoalkanols corresponding to the formula ##STR1## and (ii) doubly unsaturated terpene hydrocarbons and/or condensation products with a maximum molecular weight of 5000 obtained by the condensation of such addition products on their own or with other polyhydric alcohols having a molecular weight of 62 to about 200, and/or(b) relatively high molecular weight thioethers having a molecular weight of about 500 to 5000 obtainable by the condensation of thiodiglycols corresponding to the formula ##STR2## optionally in admixture with up to 50 hydroxyl equivalents percent, based on the total mixture, of other polyhydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight of

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams having increased compression hardness are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a mixture of polyols in the presence of a blowing agent and optionally known additives such as catalysts, emulsifiers, etc. The mixture of polyols is (1) 75-95 wt % polyether polyol with terminal OH groups having a functionality of from 2 to 4 and an OH number of from 25 to 60 and (2) 5-25 wt % polyether polyol having a functionality of at least six and an OH number of from 150 to 200 which is the reaction product of an alcohol having a functionality of at least six and propylene oxide which has been modified to contain 5-50 wt % terminal ethylene oxide groups. These foams are useful in furniture applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a stable dispersion of a polyurea and/or a polyhydrazodicarbonamide having a solids content of from 5 to 40%, by weight, in a relatively high molecular weight, hydroxyl group-containing polyether, obtained by continuously reacting:(a) an organic di- and/or polyisocyanate withan amine-functional material selected from the group consisting of (i) primary and/or secondary amino group-containing di- and/or polyamines, (ii) hydrazines, (iii) hydrazides and (iv) mixtures thereof in(c) said polyetherat an equivalent ratio of components (a) to (b) of from 1.051:1 to 1.50:1 in a throughflow mixer in such a quantity that the average residence time of the reaction components in the mixer is less than 10 minutes and collecting the reaction product issuing from the throughflow mixer in a receiver optionally with heating to from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. and optionally with subsequent stirring. The invention also relates to the production and use of such dispersions.

Abstract: Oligoesters having hydroxyl groups and an OH number of from 200 to 600 mg KOH/g are made by reacting a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride in which no halogen is present with a polyfunctional alcohol or dialkanolamine in a molar ratio of from 1:0.5 to 1:1.5 at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. to form the corresponding dicarboxylic acid semiester and/or semiamide. This semiester and/or semiamide is then alkoxylated with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst at 80.degree. to 150.degree. C. The equivalent ratio of acid groups to alkylene oxide groups is from 1:0.8 to 1:1.7. The catalysts are reaction products of alkoxides with at least 3 C-atoms with ammonia, piperidine, piperazine and/or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 aliphatic, polyamines, preferably diamines in which all of the NH-functional groups have been alkoxylated. The resultant oligoester may then be reacted with a polyisocyanate optionally in the presence of known additives, such as blowing agents and catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a stable dispersion of a polyurea and/or a polyhydrazodicarbonamide in a relatively high molecular weight hydroxyl-group containing material, which dispersion has a solids content of from 5 to 50 percent by weight and which is obtained by reacting(a) an organic di- and/or polyisocyanate with(b) an amine-functional material comprising an addition product of(1) acrylonitrile and(2) a member selected from the group consisting of(i) hydrazine,(ii) aliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups,(iii) cycloaliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups,(iv) araliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups, and(v) mixtures thereof,the ratio of (1) to (2) being at least one mol of (1) per mol of (2) and at most one mol of (1) for each nitrogen atom contained in (2) per mol of (2),the reaction of component (a) and component (b) being conducted at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 170.degree. C.

Abstract: Manufacture of superconducting fiber bundle coated with niobium carbonitride by a combination of the CVD process with a plasma activation under a low total gas pressure in which niobium chloride, carbon and nitrogen are reacted to produce the niobium compound which deposits from the gaseous phase on the carrier fiber to form a superconducting layer thereon. The combination of CVD process and plasma activation produces more uniform superconducting layers with smaller grain sizes. The application of an ultrasonic field may be combined with the CVD process. The superconducting layer consists of fine-grained B1-structure niobium compound, the mean grain size of which is between 3 and 50 nm.

Abstract: Liquid bromine-containing alkoxylation products of butyne-(1,4)-diol which are storage stable are produced. More specifically, 1.5 to 2.5 mols alkylene oxide are reacted with each mol of butyne-(1,4)-diol present at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from (1) thioethers having a molecular weight of up to 5000 obtained by adding a mercaptan and/or mercaptoalcohol to an unsaturated hydrocarbon and/or (2) thioethers other than those of (1) having a molecular weight of from 500 to 5000 and/or (3) alkali metal chlorides. This alkoxylation product is then reacted with bromine at -10.degree. to 80.degree. C. The bromide is reoxidized with aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, stabilized with a relatively non-volatile epoxide and dehydrated. The product thus obtained is particularly useful in the production of flame resistant isocyanate addition products such as polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A superconducting fiber of a superconducting fiber bundle, in which a base layer of a carbide or oxide is applied to the outer surface of a carrier fiber and subsequently a superconducting layer is deposited on the base layer to which the superconducting layer adheres.

Abstract: Superconducting fiber bundle which contains a multiplicity of carrier fibers such as, for instance, carbon fibers, boron fibers, steel fibers coated with a superconducting layer of a niobium compound of the general formula NbC.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.

Abstract: A single-phase, storage-stable, emulsifier-free polyol mixture comprising 100 parts of a relatively high molecular weight polyoxyalkylene polyol of OH number from 20 to 120, which has at least 5% and less than 80% by weight, of terminal oxyethylene blocks; from 1 to 100 parts of a low molecular weight diol mixture which is a reaction product of ethylene glycol, butane diol-1,4, or a mixture of ethylene glycol and butane diol-1,4, with from 0.05 to 0.50 mols of alkyl oxiranes; from 0.1 to 5 parts of solubilizing additives comprising one or more salts, the cations of which are from Groups I, II and III of the Periodic Table, ammonium or mono- to tetra-alkyl ammonium ions, and the anions of which are produced by removing at least one proton from an acid having a K.sub.s value of at least 10.sup.-7 ; and, optionally, other compounds having isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and other auxiliaries and additives for polyurethane production. Also polyurethanes produced using these polyol mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to (meth)acrylic acid esters of compounds of Formula (I) as defined infra and methods for their preparation. The esters formed can be used to provide dental repair material and also to provide adhesive or sealing agents. In addition, the invention includes a process for preparing compositions which harden in the absence of oxygen by admixing a compound of the invention with an initiator.

Abstract: A process for the production of a flexible superconductor comprising a carbon fiber having thereon a layer of niobium carbonitride, and an outer layer of a highly conductive metal. Initially, niobium is deposited on the fiber, and the niobium-coated fiber is then exposed to gaseous sources of carbon and nitrogen while the temperature is subsequently raised.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making branched polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene copolymers and to their use as stabilizers in the production of polyurethane foam plastics. The copolymers are made by reacting specified organopolysiloxanes with polyisocyanates, heat treating the NCO--containing addition products to cause branching and reacting the branched NCO--containing addition products with monofunctional polyethers. The copolymers can be used to stabilize polyurethane foam reaction mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of introducing reaction mixtures for single-component foams into pressure containers. The reaction mixture comprises at least two reaction components and a blowing agent and is formed in an injection mixing head. The reaction mixture is then introduced into an evacuated pressure bottle provided with a valve. Additional pure blowing agent is added via the injection mixhead subsequent to the introduction of the reaction mixture into the pressure container.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a novel process for the production of inorganic/organic plastic materials and the resultant products. The process generally comprises reacting an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution with a liquid organic polyisocyanate having a viscosity at 25.degree. C of at least about 400 cP. Preferably, the process is utilized to produce high quality, lightweight foams having excellent physical properties.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a hydrocurable composition suitable for use as coatings, adhesives or grouts. The composition contains oxazolidine compounds and free isocyanate group containing prepolymers. The prepolymers are obtained by the reaction of polyisocyanates with special types of dispersions wherein the dispersed phase is synthesized in situ in a dispersing media of polyhydroxyl compounds. The dispersed phase may be a free radical addition polymer, an aminoplast polycondensate or a polyisocyanate addition product. In the last case, the non-isocyanate reactants used to form the dispersed phase are substantially more reactive with isocyanates than the dispersing media. An especially preferred composition is based on urethane oxazolidines and prepolymers of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanates with dispersions of isocyanate hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate condensates in polyhydroxy-polyethers having molecular weights of 200 to 16,000.