Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, X is an anion having a pKb of less than 13 (measured at 25° C., 1 bar in water or dimethyl sulfoxide), and n is 1, 2 or 3, with the exception as imidazolium salts of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate-acetic acid complex, as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: A polymer foam with density in the range from 5 to 120 kg/m3, comprising a) a polymer component, comprising at least one styrene polymer, b) from 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to general syntheses of (6H)-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorins which are substituted with nitrogen compounds on the phosphorus atom and comprising commercially available 6H-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorin-6-oxides. These nitrogen-containing (6H)-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorins can be used as reactive starting substances for further syntheses or as flameproofing agents or as stabilisers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing halogen-free flameproof epoxy resins, in which a halogen-free epoxy resin is reacted with a polyfunctional aldehyde or ketone and a phosphinic acid derivative, wherein the phosphinic acid derivative contains at least one P—H-active structural unit of the formula ?PH(O) and is used in an amount equivalent to the polyfunctionality of the aldehyde or ketone, to a halogen-free flameproof epoxy resin obtainable by this method, to the use of the epoxy resin as a base material for the manufacture of printed circuit boards and printed circuits and to intermediates used to prepare the epoxy resins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pre-assemblable arrangement of elements, in particular a tool arrangement or hand tool arrangement, wherein the arrangement exhibits at least one intake manifold (1), a filter floor (2) and/or a carburetor (3), preferably with a carburetor wall (4), wherein a holding structure (7) is additionally provided to accommodate actuating elements (9, 10) or to form a handle (8),

Abstract: The invention refers to nitrous bridged derivatives of 6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]-oxaphosphorine-6-oxides, a process for the preparation thereof and their use as flameproofing agents for polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic and epoxy resins.

Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, X is an anion having a pKb of less than 13 (measured at 25° C., 1 bar in water or dimethyl sulfoxide), and n is 1, 2 or 3, with the exception as imidazolium salts of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate-acetic acid complex, as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, and X is a dicyanamide anion as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: In order to provide a carburettor unit for motorized equipment, in particular hand-operated motorized equipment such as a chain saw, a trimmer, a lawn-cutting appliance, a foliage clearing appliance or suchlike, having a housing, in which a throttle valve and a choke valve are held so as to be movable respectively between a closed position and an open position, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in which an incorrect position between the throttle valve and the choke valve is avoided, it is proposed that a locking element is provided, which is adjustable through the movement of the throttle valve and cooperates with the choke valve such that a movement of the choke valve into the closed position is locked when the motorized equipment is set in operation.

Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, and X is a thiocyanate anion as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, X is the anion of a phosphorus oxyacid, and n is 1, 2 or 3, as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for the synthesis of monomeric and polymeric nitrogen-bridged derivatives of dibenz[c,e][1,2]-oxaphosphorin-6-oxides. These substances can be used as flameproofing agents for polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, epoxy resins, inter alia polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a curable preparation, containing an epoxy resin system, an initiator, and at least one flame-retardant agent, selected from a compound of the formula KA, wherein K=mono, di, oligo, and/or polphosphonium cation, and A=low-coordinating anion, and to the sue of the compounds of the general formula KA as a flame-retardant agent for resins systems.

Abstract: In order to provide an intake system (2) for sucking in combustion air of an internal combustion engine (3) of a piece of equipment, in particular a portable, manually guided piece of equipment (1), having more than one centrifugal separator (20, 22) comprising a centrifugal separator housing (19, 21), and having an air filter device (24) comprising an air filter housing (23), which bounds an air filter receiving space (25) for an air filter, in which the combustion air can be separated by means of the centrifugal separator into a core volume stream and an outer volume stream, wherein the core volume stream is fed to the internal combustion engine (3) through the air filter receiving space (25), which intake system is as compact as possible and correspondingly designed to be not very component-intensive, it is proposed for the centrifugal separator housing (19, 21) to be arranged on the air filter housing (23) such that it ends directly at the air filter receiving space (25) or projects directly into the air

Abstract: The present invention relates to initiators of the general formula {[M(L)a]Xb}n, wherein said initiators preferably have (SbF6?) as a counterion and are obtainable by a complexing reaction of a corresponding metal-SbF6 salt with a corresponding ligand (L). The present invention further relates to preparations and epoxy resin systems that contain such initiators and, in particular, are non-thermally and/or thermally curable.

Abstract: The invention relates to general syntheses of (6H)-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorins which are substituted with nitrogen compounds on the phosphorus atom and comprising commercially available 6H-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorin-6-oxides. These nitrogen-containing (6H)-dibenz[c,e] [1,2]-oxaphosphorins can be used as reactive starting substances for further syntheses or as flameproofing agents or as stabilisers.

Abstract: The invention refers to salts of at least one imidazole of the general formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are the same or different and denote hydrogen, an alkyl residue having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or arylalykl residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one aliphatic or aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid. The molar ratio of carboxylic acid to imidazole, based on the functionality of the acid, is 1:1.1 to 1:6. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the imidazole salts, to their use, and to epoxy resin compositions containing said salts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing halogen-free flameproof epoxy resins, in which a halogen-free epoxy resin is reacted with a polyfunctional aldehyde or ketone and a phosphinic acid derivative, wherein the phosphinic acid derivative contains at least one P—H-active structural unit of the formula ?PH(O) and is used in an amount equivalent to the polyfunctionality of the aldehyde or ketone, to a halogen-free flameproof epoxy resin obtainable by this method, to the use of the epoxy resin as a base material for the manufacture of printed circuit boards and printed circuits and to intermediates used to prepare the epoxy resins.

Abstract: Nitrous bridged derivatives of 6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]-oxaphosphorine-6-oxides, process for the preparation and use thereof. The invention refers to nitrous bridged derivatives of 6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]-oxaphosphorine-6-oxides, a process for the preparation thereof and their use as flameproofing agents for polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic and epoxy resins.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-organylphosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and derivatives of same substituted on the phenyl groups, in which: (a) 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOP) or a derivative of same is reacted in the presence of at least one mono- or polyhydric alcohol with at least one ortho ester with formation of a first intermediate product, (b) the intermediate product from step (a) is optionally reacted with at least one further mono- or polyhydric alcohol with formation of a further intermediate product and (c) the intermediate product from steps (a) or (b) is transformed by addition of catalytic quantities of alkylation agent into 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-organylphosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide or a derivative of same substituted on the phenyl groups.