Abstract: A heated window including at least one rigid pane, at least two current busbars of different polarity placed substantially parallel close to one edge of the heated window at different distances from the edge, and linear heating resistors electrically connected thereto. The busbars lie sideways to the heating resistors and the heating resistors start from a first current busbar and, passing over the other current busbar while being insulated therefrom, in the direction of the window surface and in at least one loop, return toward the other current busbar and are electrically connected thereto.

Abstract: A heated window consisting of at least one rigid pane, at least two current busbars of different polarity placed substantially parallel close to one edge of the heated window at different distances from the edge and linear heating resistors electrically connected thereto, characterized in that the busbars lie sideways to the heating resistors and the heating resistors (2) start from a first current busbar (4) and, passing over the other current busbar (3) while being insulated therefrom, in the direction of the window surface and in at least one loop, return toward the other current busbar (3) and are electrically connected thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated pane (1), in particular heating or aerial pane, having electrically conductive wires (2) which are embedded in a thermoplastic adhesion layer (3) and are in electrical contact in particular with at least one connection element, and is distinguished by the fact that the wires (2) comprise at least two conductive material layers, one of which consists of a metal which can withstand high mechanical loads and the other of which consists of a metal of higher electrical conductivity and good solderability. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the laminated pane (1), there are electrically conductive wires (2) which have a core which is made from a metal which can withstand mechanical loads and is sheathed by a metal of higher conductivity and good solderability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated pane (1), in particular heating or aerial pane, having electrically conductive wires (2) which are embedded in a thermoplastic adhesion layer (3) and are in electrical contact in particular with at least one connection element, and is distinguished by the fact that the wires (2) comprise at least two conductive material layers, one of which consists of a metal which can withstand high mechanical loads and the other of which consists of a metal of higher electrical conductivity and good solderability. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the laminated pane (1), there are electrically conductive wires (2) which have a core which is made from a metal which can withstand mechanical loads and is sheathed by a metal of higher conductivity and good solderability.

Abstract: An electrically heated rear screen including a window formed of laminated glass layers separated by a thermoplastic interlayer and having electrical connection elements provided at opposed lateral edges of the window. Plural parallel connected horizontally extending resistive heating wires are embedded in the thermoplastic interlayer. The resistive heating wires are formed as meandering loops having an odd number of loop segments extending across the width of the window. At the opposed lateral edges of the window, the resistive heating wires have opposed end segments which follow a path along the corresponding lateral edges of the rear screen a short distance apart to a respective common electrical connection element.

Abstract: Thin resistance wires are deposited in curved form on a thermoplastic film for the manufacture of a car glazing which can be electrically heated. The thermoplastic film is kept by vacuum on the surface of a cylindrical drum having a perforated cylindrical wall. The drum is rotated and the wire deposited and fixed on the film with the aid of a wire deposition apparatus. The wire deposition apparatus is mounted on a carriage able to move parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drum. The carriage is driven by means of a moving screw rotated by a drive motor. The drive motor is controlled by a processor via a regulating amplifier controlled by the processor in accordance with a time-travel program established in accordance with the desired curved shape of the wires.

Abstract: An electrically heatable laminated glass glazing includes an inner glass sheet, an outer glass sheet and an intermediate thermoplastic film interconnecting the two glass sheets. Collector conductors constituted by foil strips serve as power supply conductors for heating resistors are embedded in the intermediate film from the side adjacent to the inner glass sheet. The free surface of the inner glass sheet is provided with a decorative frame of an opaque baking ink. An opaque coating, whose color is adapted to that of the decorative frame, is joined to the surface of the foil strip directed towards the intermediate film. The coating is preferably constituted by an inked polymer sheet having a width slightly greater than that of the foil strip.

Abstract: A curved, laminated car glazing having a decorative enamel coating formed as a frame along the edge of a laminated glazing, on a surface adjacent to the intermediate, thermoplastic layer of one of the individual glass sheets is prepared by printing an enamel as the decorative coating on a glass sheet, which is then dried, printing an enamel containing metallic silver as a narrow strip on the decorative coating, firing or baking the coated glass sheet, superimposing the baked glass sheet with a mating glass sheet with the printed coating on the inside, and with the result that the bent sheets do not stick together because of the presence of the silver-containing strip, and completing the lamination of the curved glass sheets.

Abstract: An electrically heated composite glass sheet including heating element wires deposited and fixed in place on the thermoplastic film connecting the individual glass sheets together so as to extend from the one film edge as far as the opposite film edge. The heating wires are connected in parallel with buses, which are arranged at a predetermined distance from the edge of the film. Directly adjacent to the buses, the sections of the wires which are arranged between the buses and the edge of the film are severed by moving two electrodes, which are connected with a power supply, into contact with the wires. The electric current heats the wires between the electrodes to their fusion temperature and thereby severs the wires.

Abstract: A device for laying a thin metal wire in a straight line on the surface of the thermoplastic film of a laminated glass pane. A rotatable mounting is provided for the wire supply reel, a heated pressing roller presses the wire into the thermoplastic film and a guide device guides the wire between the supply reel and the pressing roller. The supply reel is coupled in rotation to an electromagnetic brake having an adjustable braking torque and a wide control range for the braking torque. The electromagnetic brake is preferably a magnetic powder brake.

Abstract: The subject of this invention is a method of making a curved glass pane of laminated glass, such as an automobile windshield, in which one of the two single glass sheets is provided, on the surface bearing against an intermediate layer, with a film of a baking finish. The baking finish is applied onto the inner face of the single glass sheet intended for the outside. The glass sheet, provided with the dried baking finish (i.e., a colored film), is laid, with the film upwards, onto the single glass sheet intended for the inside. The pair of glass sheets, in this arrangement, is prebent on a bending frame with simultaneous baking-in of the colored film. Subsequently, the two glass sheets are transposed and, in this transposed arrangement with the colored film on the inside, are finally bent in a second bending operation on a bending frame corresponding to the final shape of the outer sheet.

Abstract: A traffic mirror comprises a spherically curved glass pane having a front surface, a rear surface, and an outer periphery, a metal reflective layer located on the inner surface of the glass pane, and a decorative frame located directly on the glass pane. The decorative frame is an enamel-like colored material which is baked onto the outer periphery of the glass pane. The traffic mirror further comprises a supporting structure for mounting the traffic mirror onto a vertical post. The supporting structure comprises at least two supporting struts which, are attached directly to the glass pane, for example, by bolts passing through bores in the glass pane itself. The glass pane is made from thermally prestressed single pane safety glass. The traffic mirror does away with the bulky frames used in prior art mirrors of this kind.

Abstract: To produce panes of laminated glass from two sheets of silicate glass (1, 16) and from an interlayer thickness of a plastic film (8) glued to the two glass sheets (1, 16), the liquid adhesive material intended for the two adhesive layers (2, 17) is applied each time in the form of a coherent and uniform film of a definitive thickness of the upper surface of the glass sheets (1, 16) oriented horizontally. The plastic film (8) is glued to one of the glass sheets (1) provided with the adhesive layer (2). The glass sheet (1) provided with the glued plastic film (8) is turned over so that the glued plastic is oriented downward. The two glass sheets (1, 16) are then juxtaposed by their front edges (20 and 21) and are joined by calendering by means of a pair of cylinders (22, 23) while maintaining an entry opening angle .alpha. of 2.degree. to 6.degree..

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for covering the face of a blank of mineral or organic glass with a protective plastic film. Before pressing the protective film onto the surface of the blank, the blank and film are positioned a certain distance from each other by means of separate holding devices and held so that the edge of the blank and the film do not touch. The film is then heated so that the center of the film surface attains a higher temperature than the outer edge. Pneumatic pressure is then applied to the film surface so that more pressure is exerted at the center of the film than at the outer edge. The protective film is forced on to the surface of the blank from the center radially outward by the applied air pressure, forcing gas trapped between the block and the film to escape from between the blank and the film toward the outer edge of the film as the film makes contact with the blank. Finally, additional pressure is applied to the film to complete the bonding of the film to the blank.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a homogeneous and highly transparent sheet or film from a mixture of a plurality of components which comprises mixing the combined reaction components and depositing the reaction mixture on a molding substrate where the reaction is carried out in a layer thereon, wherein the combined reaction components are mixed, first, in a static mixer and, immediately thereafter, in a dynamic mixer.The invention can be advantageously applied to the manufacture of polyurethane sheets which can be employed in laminated glass sheets.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of transparent plastic films, sheets or strips of excellent optical quality. It proposes a process for producing these products by casting of a composition suitable for casting on a horizontal, plane casting support, in continuous movement to obtain at least a layer, which after it has consolidated, is detached from its support, turned over, then by casting a composition on the face of the first layer which, when being formed, initially was in contact with the support, to obtain a second layer, the first layer being placed on a horizontal, plane casting support.