Abstract: A vascular prosthesis (1) for connection to a natural cardiovascular system, includes a volume chamber (2), wherein the volume chamber (2) has, in a blood pressure range below a pressure threshold value D, a pressure-expansion behavior substantially corresponding to the pressure-expansion behavior of a natural blood vessel, while the volume of the volume chamber (2), depending on the pressure, increases by at least 10 cm3 in a blood pressure range above the pressure threshold value D. The vascular prosthesis (1) is configured as a textile tube, wherein the textile tube includes in the region of the volume chamber (2) an elastic yarn having a core made from silicone yarn around which a yarn made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is wrapped.