Abstract: A process for preparing acetaldehyde diethyl acetal is provided which involves:reacting acetaldehyde with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst and in the presence of an entrainer having a boiling point of from 25.degree. to 75.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl and its 4-position substituted derivatives by oxidation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and its 4-position substituted derivatives in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and low concentrations of divalent metal salts.

Abstract: For the preparation of 2-cyanoacetoxypropionic esters, a mixture of lactic ester and cyanoacetic ester is introduced, an alkali metal alcoholate is added as catalyst and the mixture is heated while the alcohol eliminated during the course of the reaction is distilled off. The course of the reaction is followed by means of gas chromatographic analysis and the reaction is terminated prior to eliminating the theoretical amount of alcohol by destroying the catalyst by acidification. The reaction mixture is worked up by distillation and the product easily separated from the reaction mass due to the substantial absence of high boiling components.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing chlorine-free cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester is described wherein a first portion of alkali methoxide is added to a high-boiling solvent, followed by a second portion of methoxide with an equimolar portion of 4-chlorobutyric acid. The ester product can be readily hydrogenated catalytically to the corresponding carbinol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of substituted or unsubstituted chloromethyl and bromomethyl cyclopropane having a degree of purity above 85%, particularly above 90%, by reacting a hydroxymethyl cyclopropane of the formula ##STR1## where R is H, or one or two R groups are alkyl of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or phenyl, with methane sulfonic acid chloride or methane sulfonic acid bromide in the presence of a trialkylamine and, if necessary, an organic solvent, preferably an organic solvent containing oxygen, at a temperature of from -20.degree. C. to +30.degree. C. over a period of time of from 1 to 30 hours, then heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of from 40.degree. to 80.degree. C., or to reflux temperature, without isolating the intermediate mesylate.

Abstract: Butyl 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylate is prepared by reacting 5-phenylbutyrolactone in a butanol solvent in the presence of HCl in a molar ratio of 5-phenylbutyrolactone to butanol of 1:1 to 1:5 in the absence of a catalyst at 0.degree. to 50.degree. C., thereby producing 4-chloro-4-phenylbutanoate, removing butanol and water from the ester product by distillation, and cyclizing the 4-chloro-4-phenylbutanoate without purification in a solution of a sodium butoxide in the corresponding butanol at 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. and at a molar ratio of alcoholate to chlorine compound of 1:1 to 3:1.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the industrial application of the Knoevenagel synthesis in an acid solution, resulting in a steady flow of waste gas.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 5-chloro-2-pentanone starting from a ketal of a levulinic ester, followed by hydrogenation, and then reaction with hydrochloric acid. The process involves first purifying the ketal of the levulinic ester by distillation, making the hydrogenation catalysts for the ketal alkaline, and reacting the 3-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)propan-1-ol formed in this hydrogenation with hydrochloric acid to obtain 5-chloro-2-pentanone.

Abstract: A process for the purification of 1,1-diphenylethane with good fragrance quality. The product is produced by first subjecting the distillation residue from ethylbenzene production to distillation, then treating the distillate with sulfuric acid, separating the sulfuric acid phase, washing the oil phase with an alkali metal hydroxide solution and water, and subjecting the oil phase thus obtained to a second distillation.

Abstract: 13-oxabicyclo[10.3.0]pentadecane, a valuable ambergris fragrance, is prepared by reacting cyclododecanone with cyanoacetic acid in the presence of a Knoevenagel catalyst to form cyclododecenylacetonitrile, the nitrile is hydrolyzed to cyclododecenylacetic acid, and the acid is cyclized to the lactone, and the lactone is reduced to the corresponding diol which is cyclized to 13-oxabicyclo[10.3.0]pentadecane.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of N-substituted morpholines and piperidines of the formula ##STR1## comprising the steps of (a) reacting a methallylbenzene of the formulas ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is H or a straight or branched chained C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, alone or in admixture with a corresponding isobutenylbenzene of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined above, with hydrogen bromide in the presence of a peroxide to yield, respectively, the corresponding bromine compound of the formula ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined above, alone or in admixture with a bromine compound of the formula ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined above and wherein the bromine atom is in the secondary or tertiary position, and(b) reacting the resultant bromine compound of formula IV, alone or in admixture with the corresponding bromine compound of Formula V, with a compound of the formula ##STR6## wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: For the production of chlorine-free cyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters, gamma-butyrolactone and butanol are reacted, in a first step, with hydrogen chloride in the absence of a catalyst at a temperature of 120.degree.-140.degree. C., the resultant gamma-chlorobutyric acid butyl ester is cyclized at 100.degree.-200.degree. C. with a solution of a sodium alcoholate in the corresponding alcohol of 4 or more carbon atoms and this product is optionally interestified in a third step with a higher-boiling alcohol of more than 4 carbon atoms. The second and third steps can be performed in one step, if desired.

Abstract: A process for producing technically pure, chlorine-free cyclohexadecadiene by purifying the product mixture obtained preferably from the metathesis of cyclooctene by first removing by distillation the low boiling C.sub.6 hydrocarbons and any water that may be present, then treating the sump product with a solution of a strongly alkaline compound at about 100.degree.-250.degree. C. After separation of the thus-formed salts, the thus-pretreated product mixture may be subjected to fractional distillation in the usual way.

Abstract: Cyclododecenylacetonitrile is prepared by reacting cyclododecanone with cyanoacetic acid in the presence of a catalyst. Purified cyclododecenylacetonitrile has a pleasant scent reminiscent of roses and lilies of the valley, containing additionally a musk note, and is suitable as a fragrance and as a fragrance component.

Abstract: Cyclododecenylacetonitrile is prepared by reacting cyclododecanone with cyanoacetic acid in the presence of a catalyst. Purified cyclododecenylacetonitrile has a pleasant scent reminiscent of roses and lilies of the valley, containing additionally a musk note, and is suitable as a fragrance and as a fragrance component.

Abstract: For the preparation of methallylbenzene (.alpha.-olefin) and isobutenylbenzene (.beta.-olefin), and their p-substituted alkyl derivatives of Formulae 1 and 2, respectively, thermal cracking of neophyl chloride and the corresponding p-substituted neophyl chlorides of Formula 3 is performed, in the presence of an inhibitor for radical polymerization, with the resultant cracked product olefins of Formula 2 then isomerized to the corresponding .alpha.-olefin of Formula 1 by a further distillation in the presence of a mixture containing a basic compound and a polar solvent.

Abstract: For the production of 3,3- and 2,3-dimethylbutene, respectively, and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene and/or for the simultaneous production of 3,3- and 2,3-dimethylbutene, respectively, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, and glycol or polyglycol n-alkyl-3,3- and -2,3-dimethylbutyl ether, respectively, alkali hydroxides are reacted in a two-phase liquid system in the presence of a glycol or polyglycol ether, respectively, at temperatures of 100.degree.-250.degree. C., with mono- and dichlorodimethylbutane, respectively. By using, as the glycol or polyglycol ether, a glycol or polyglycol monoalkyl ether, the glycol or polyglycol n-alkyl-3,3- and -2,3-dimethylbutyl ether, respectively, is obtained besides the olefin.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclooctene-4-ol-1 with a content in excess of 70% by reacting cyclooctadiene-1,5 with formic acid and then saponifying or transesterifying the cyclooctenyl formate with an alcohol of low boiling point.In the absence of a catalyst, formic acid is reacted with cyclooctadiene-1,5 at 50.degree. to 200.degree. C., preferably 95.degree. to 105.degree. C. The reaction product without further processing is directly distilled, and the formic acid ester so obtained is transesterified with an alcohol of low boiling point into the formate of that alcohol and into cyclooctene-4-ol-1.

Abstract: 2-Methoxyethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether is of interest as a precursor for the saturated ether, 2-methoxyethyl cyclododecyl ether, which can be obtained therefrom by catalytic hydrogenation, in a high purity and with a good fragrance quality. The saturated ether is a valuable fragrance component having a woody note. A process for producing 2-methylethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether comprises the step of reacting cyclododecanone, 2-methoxyethanol and a tri(lower alkyl) orthoformate, at a temperature of 50.degree.-250.degree. C., in the presence of an acid catalyst, removing resultant low-boiling compounds by distillation, and recovering resultant 2-methoxyethyl cyclododec-1-enyl ether.

Abstract: For the production of neohexanol with a purity above 99%, a chlorine content of less than 10 ppm, and a sulfur content of less than 5 ppm, 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid with a chlorine content below 650 ppm, preferably below 100 ppm, is first esterified, optionally after distillatory separation into a portion richer in chlorine with a chlorine content above 650 ppm, preferably above 100 ppm, and into a portion low in chlorine with a chlorine content below 650 ppm, preferably below 100, with an alcohol boiling above 117.degree. C., preferably an octyl alcohol. The resultant ester is separated by distillation into fractions richer in chlorine with chlorine contents above 10 ppm and into fractions low in chlorine with chlorine contents below 10 ppm. The ester of low chlorine contents below 10 ppm is hydrogenated to neohexanol over a barium-activated copper chromite catalyst under a pressure of 200-300 bar, at 120.degree.-22.degree. C., and with catalyst loads of 0.05-1.