Abstract: The invention relates to photochromic plastic objects comprising a plastic material and at least two photochromic pyran derivatives, which are introduced therein and, in each case, have an aryl group, which is linked to the carbon atom adjacent to the pyran oxygen atom and is substituted with at least one group containing at least one nitrogen atom, the longest wavelength absorption maximum of the light-stimulated form of the one pyran derivative lying above 550 nm and the longest wavelength absorption of the light-stimulated form of the other pyran derivative lying below 550 nm and the pyran derivative, absorbing at the shorter wavelength, being selected from 3[H]-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans and the pyran derivative, absorbing at the longer wavelength, being selected from indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans or spiro-9-fluoreno[1,2-b]pyrans.

Abstract: Photochromic spirofluorenopyran compounds corresponding to the general formula (I): in which B, B′, R1 to R4 and G have the meanings defined herein. The compounds of the invention are useful in the production of photochromic articles, particularly articles made of synthetic resin materials, and exhibit rapid darkening and brightening rates, as well as long useful service lives. By appropriate selection of substituents, it is possible to adjust the properties of the compounds such as absorption maxima (color), brightening rate, etc.

Abstract: Photochromic diaryl-2H-naphthopyran structures, which dye photochromically well at room temperature, lighten up quickly when incorporated into ophthalmic lenses, possess longevity, and due to their special structure, have a reduced tendency of the molecules to migrate in plastics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of a photochromic object, composed of a polymer and containing at least one spirooxazin compound, having the following process steps: an acrylate monomer or a methacrylate monomer, respectively a mixture of a multiple thereof is utilized as the polymerizable monomer, the photochromic dyes as well as a polymerization initiator are mixed in the polymerizable monomer, the mixture yielded thereby is placed in a casting mold, polymerized and hardened. The present invention is distinguished by, in order to obtain a neutral gray, neutral brown or green photochromic tint of the polymerizable mixture, several photochromic dyes being added of which at least one is not a spirooxazin, and by the concentration of the spirooxazin compound(s) amounting to no more than 0.045 weight percent relative to the mass of the utilized monomer, and that of the polymerization initiator(s) amounting to more than 1 weight percent relative to the mass of the utilized monomer.

Abstract: What is described here are photochromic naphthopyrane dyes with different substituents whose properties can be set by controlled selection of the substituents. In this manner it is possible to take an influence on the migration characteristics, the absorption characteristics and the brightening rate and kinetics. The inventive compounds display good darkening and brightening properties at a very good service life.The invention excels itself by the fact that a method is made available which is substantially improved over prior art, in addition to the surprising influence on specific properties of the inventive compounds. The described compounds are suitable for application in synthetic materials of any kind.A photochromic object is also the subject matter of the invention, which comprises one or several photochromic naphthopyrane dyes as well as at least one polymer material, with the photochromic object being producible by mass-dyeing or superficial dyeing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an object made of plastic material, in particular a plastic ophthalmic lens, colored with at least one photochromic substance which is also excited by light in the UV range of the spectrum and has a higher absorption in the excited state, judged by the spectral light sensitivity of the human eye, than in the not excited state and to which, in addition, at least one UV absorbing material is added in such a concentration that darkening of the photochromic substance(s) is independent of the UV fraction of the excitation light.But rather the intensity of the darkening depends on brightness, i.e. the intensity integrated over the spectral light sensitivity of the human eye V.sub.2.

Abstract: Photochromic diaryl-2H-naphthopyran structures, which dye photochromically well at room temperature, lighten up quickly when incorporated into ophthalmic lenses, possess longevity, and due to their spacial structures, have a reduced tendency of the molecules to migrate in plastics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photochromic compound having a diaryl-3H-napthopyran structure, which has at the 8-position a nitrogen atom-linked hetercyclus, in which the heterocylcus can also have a HALS compound as a substituent or the heterocyclus itself can be formed as a HALS compound.Furthermore a photochromic compound is described having a diaryl-3H-naphtopyran structure which has at the 8-position an N-atom linked and an alkyl-bridge linked HALS compound.

Abstract: The description concerns a photochromicsubstance, with a diaryl-2H-naphthopyrane having a link in the form Y--Ar, Z--Ar, Y--Ar--Y, Y--Ar--Y', Y--Ar--Z, Z--Ar--Z or Z--Ar--Z', in which Y, Y', Z and Z' are pyranes. The photochromic substance is also distinguished in that it has an aryl substituent which reduces the migration of the molecules in plastics.

Abstract: Disclosed are photochromic oxazine compounds, yielded by means of condensation of an aldehyde bearing in the .alpha.-position to the aldehyde group a halogen or hydroxy group (reacting agent 1), with (substituted) ortho-aminohydroxy aromatic compounds (reacting agent 2).

Abstract: Photochromic compounds with a 3H-naphthopyran structure having at least one pyrene moiety in the 3-position, a method for preparing such compounds, and the use of such compounds for producing photochromic articles from an organic synthetic material.

Abstract: A photochromic compound, in particular, for tinting optical elements made of a plastic material has reduced mobility in plastic material. The photochromic compound is a photochromic 2H-pyran and is distinguished by the aromatic residues being chemically rigidly attached in the 2-position to a spiropyran.

Abstract: Polychromatic compounds of pyrans having a substituted adamantane or a polycyclic ring system, with the exception of adamantane, in the 2-position of the pyran ring, having the structure ##STR1## whereby the residues R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 are independently substituents selected from the series H, alkyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, OH, alkoxy (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), halogen, alkylamino, dialkylamino, cyan, trifluormethyl, or, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are constituents of at least one condensed aromatic, heteroaromatic or an alkane ring, wherein said heteroaromatic ring is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, naphthyridine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phthalazine, pteridine, phenazine, and benzoquinoline which are substituted by the same residues as R.sub.1 -R.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed are adamantaneospiroheteroaromaticpyrans and adamantanospiro (1.3)oxazines of the general formula ##STR1## whereby R.sub.0 is a substituent from the series H, halogen, O-alkyl, N-alkyl,R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 : is a substituent from the series H, alkyl, aryl, subst. phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, OH, alkoxy (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), halogen, alkylamino, dialkylamino, cyan and trifluormethyl, orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are constituents of a condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or an alkane ring with 4-8 C-atoms.

Abstract: An optically transparent photochromic plastic material is described which is comprised of materials with a sulphur content and which via polymerization processes contains photochromic organic compounds as solid ingredients, which possess at least two ring systems linked via carbon atom and whose photochromic tint is based on a reversible bond rupture to the spiro-C atom.

Abstract: A compound is described with the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is one to four substituted groups from the series --Z, --OZ, --NZ.sub.2, --NHZ, NH.sub.2, CN, CF.sub.3 with Z: C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, phenyl, pyridyl, benzylR.sub.2 =--H, --Z, --CH.sub.2 Z,R.sub.3,R.sub.4,R.sub.5 =--NH.sub.2, --NHZ, --NZ.sub.2, --OZ, --Z, --HR.sub.6 =--H, --Z, --OZ, --CN, --NO.sub.2HAr=heteroaromatic substances with two or three cores and with 1 or 2N atoms in accordance with one of the following structural formulae: ##STR2## The compounds in accordance with this invention have the advantage that their migration in plastic materials usually used for spectacle lenses is lower so that no softening agent effect occurs which would be of a disadvantage for the coating of such lenses with, for example, anti-reflection coating layers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photochrome compound having a spirooxazine structure in a, as such known manner.In accordance with the present invention conjugated diazole-napthoxazine or oxazole-, thiazole, benzoxazole-or benzthiazole systems are added to the basic structure.Improved absorption in the wavelength range .alpha. than 350 nm as well as improved migration properties are yielded by this means.

Abstract: An anti-reflection film for a clearly transparent optical element consisting of an organic material, for example an ophthalmic spectacle lens, is described. The anti-reflection film comprises a number of layers of which at least one consists of a metallic oxide. In one version of this invention, at least one layer consists of erbium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide or holmium oxide. In another version of this invention, one layer consisting of samarium oxide, europium oxide, neodymium oxide or ytterbium oxide with a thickness of lambda/10 to lambda/20 is provided. In a third version of this invention, one layer consisting of yttrium oxide is deposited by evaporation on a layer of silicon dioxide, where the latter is deposited directly on the optical element consisting of an organic material.

Abstract: An anti-reflection film of several layers is described for an optical element consisting of an organic material with photochromic properties.The film according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the mean reflection of the film over the spectral range between 330 nm and 380 nm is less than 4% and the mean reflection over the range between 290 nm and 330 nm is greater than 15%. This reflection behavior serves to prevent the stimulation of the photochromic effect by light with too short a wavelength from reducing the useful life of the photochromic effect. In addition, a suitable choice of the reflection properties means that a deliberate stimulation of photochromic molecules situated in certain steric positions and so influence on the kinetics and color of the photochromic effect can be obtained.