Abstract: The present invention relates to a fast and reliable method for protected isothermal nucleic acids amplification (PINA) of DNA and RNA. Particularly, the invention relates to diagnostic methods for rapidly diagnosing, for example, an infectious agent, in a biological probe of interest. Particularly, the methods are suitable to be performed on a handheld and portable diagnostic system for performing the amplification method in a non-laboratory environment (“home-test”).

Abstract: In a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage, a lower cylinder head part, an upper cylinder head part, and a bolt-on surface on the exhaust side with an exhaust manifold bolted thereto, a sealing surface is arranged in a recess extending along the exhaust passage into the cylinder head and the manifold has a tube which extends into the recess in sealing engagement with the sealing surface at the bottom of the recess and which is spaced from the surrounding wall of the cylinder head recess, through which the manifold tube extends in a curved fashion.