Abstract: Exemplary embodiments for configuring a system for monitoring the performance of a control loop of an industrial plant includes reading in first process data derived from measurements of at least one sensor inside the control loop during a specified control situation, calculating from the first process data a corresponding at least one performance index indicating the behaviour of the control loop and determining a first quality of the control performance depending on the difference between the at least one performance index and a corresponding threshold value. In case that the first quality of the control performance is determined to be less than good, a second quality of the control performance is determined either by calculating the second quality from an analysis of second process data or by processing a user input from a user of the system which indicates the second quality.

Abstract: A production planning system and a system for energy supply planning are configured to determine a production schedule and an energy supply schedule, respectively, by interactively and mutually exchanging scheduling information with the respective other system and by taking the received scheduling information into account during the planning of the respective schedule. The interacting is performed in a kind of handshaking during planning of the respective schedules, where each of the two systems waits with the next iteration step until the other system delivers its updated schedule.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments for configuring a system for monitoring the performance of a control loop of an industrial plant includes reading in first process data derived from measurements of at least one sensor inside the control loop during a specified control situation, calculating from the first process data a corresponding at least one performance index indicating the behaviour of the control loop and determining a first quality of the control performance depending on the difference between the at least one performance index and a corresponding threshold value. In case that the first quality of the control performance is determined to be less than good, a second quality of the control performance is determined either by calculating the second quality from an analysis of second process data or by processing a user input from a user of the system which indicates the second quality.

Abstract: The novel method and device provide for process control—closed-loop control or open-loop control—for a thermal system with an obstruction-curved and/or thick-walled component through which a medium flows. The wall temperatures of the component are detected, the heat flux density of the heat flux from the medium into the wall of the component is determined, the respective heat transmission coefficient is determined, using the wall temperatures. The heat flux density, and the heat transmission coefficient thus determined are used to influence the medium properties, with the heat stresses in the component being taken into account.

Abstract: In a device for detecting the body position of a passenger in a vehicle sitting in a seat a plurality of light transmitters is situated in or on the back rest, staggered by height, and emit light signals in the direction of one or a plurality of light receiver(s) situated in particular above the back rest. A conclusion may be drawn regarding the form of the blockage of the light signals by the passenger based on the light signals received, which in turn makes it possible to draw a conclusion regarding the posture, in particular the head position or the body inclination. The positions of the light transmitters and light receivers may be exchanged in an analogous manner.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for operation of a vehicle headlight as well as a vehicle headlight (1) with a housing and a light source (3) provided within the housing. In accordance with the invention the housing of the vehicle headlight (1) is designed to be pressure-tight and the headlight (1) is associated with a controller (7), which controls the headlight (1) depending upon the pressure within the housing. The controller (7) brings about that the headlight, depending upon the pressure within the housing, is switched off, is adapted in its light intensity and/or is changed in its emission characteristic. Thereby a headlight is produced characterized by being safe for the eyes.

Abstract: An open-loop and closed-loop control method is described for starting up or shutting down a process component of a technical process. At least one manipulated variable that is fed to the process is formed by a control device and an upstream model-assisted pilot control. The pilot control contains an optimizer and a process model. The optimizer is fed at least one command variable for the technical process. At least one optimized model manipulated variable which the optimizer outputs is fed to a process model of the pilot control and, is added to at least one output variable of the control device to form the manipulated variable. A model output variable of the process model is fed to the control device as a set-point and fed back to the optimizer along with variables which cannot be measured in the technical process. A device for implementing the method is also described.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical connector system for data busses, in which optical elements are integrated in the connector and in the connector socket for redirecting the light. With this connector system the light guided along the bus line is decoupled to the optical receiver of a supplemental bus participant and the light transmitted from the supplemental participant is coupled into the bus line. The connector socket is either integrated in the bus line or a bus bridge is subsequently added to the bus line.

Abstract: The novel method and device provide for process control—closed-loop control or open-loop control—for a thermal system with an obstruction-curved and/or thick-walled component through which a medium flows. The wall temperatures of the component are detected, the heat flux density of the heat flux from the medium into the wall of the component is determined, the respective heat transmission coefficient is determined, using the wall temperatures. The heat flux density, and the heat transmission coefficient thus determined are used to influence the medium properties, with the heat stresses in the component being taken into account.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for operation of a vehicle headlight as well as a vehicle headlight (1) with a housing and a light source (3) provided within the housing. In accordance with the invention the housing of the vehicle headlight (1) is designed to be pressure-tight and the headlight (1) is associated with a controller (7), which controls the headlight (1) depending upon the pressure within the housing. The controller (7) brings about that the headlight, depending upon the pressure within the housing, is switched off, is adapted in its light intensity and/or is changed in its emission characteristic. Thereby a headlight is produced characterized by being safe for the eyes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical signal transmission system for transmitting data between electronic units via a rear plate. The inventive transmission system comprises a point of separation on which an optical image system (31), for an easily separable connection, is arranged in such a way that optical power loss during the signal transmission is minimised.

Abstract: In a device for detecting the body position of a passenger in a vehicle sitting in a seat a plurality of light transmitters is situated in or on the back rest, staggered by height, and emit light signals in the direction of one or a plurality of light receiver(s) situated in particular above the back rest. A conclusion may be drawn regarding the form of the blockage of the light signals by the passenger based on the light signals received, which in turn makes it possible to draw a conclusion regarding the posture, in particular the head position or the body inclination. The positions of the light transmitters and light receivers may be exchanged in an analogous manner.

Abstract: The invention concerns an opto-electronic connector system with a plug 1 and a receptacle 2. The plug 1 includes a tube shaped housing 3 with an area for introduction or output of an optical signal as well as at least one opto-electronic and/or electro-optical transformer 8a, 8b and a therewith associated optical element 7 for beam guidance. Beyond this, electrical contacts 10 for input or output of an electrical signal are provided, which are connected with the one or more transformers (8a, 8b) via amplifier stage 9a, 9b. The tube shaped housing 3 is preferably in the form a cylinder or truncated cone, which engages in a corresponding recess 4 in the receptacle 2 when in the connected condition. The receptacle 2 is adapted for integration on a circuit board. The opto-electronic connector system has been found to be particularly small in its external dimensions.

Abstract: A method for regulating the contact force between a pentograph and an overhead cable, by means of at least two contact force measuring sensors for determining the contact force is disclosed, whereby the drop-out of a contact force measuring sensor is determined from the contact force measured signals (y1, y2). A comparison can be made between the current average quadratic deviation ((a) or cov(ys)) derived from the measured values (y1, y2) and the average quadratic deviation in an undisturbed nominal case ((b) or con(ys)o) and the above used for detection of the drop-out of a contact force measuring sensor, or, alternatively a comparison can be made between the current average amount of the derivation (PT1(|ys-X|2.5s)) derived from the measured values (y1, y2) and the average amount of the deviation in the undisturbed nominal case (PT1(|ys-X|2.5s)q) and the above used for detection of the drop-out of a contact force measuring sensor.

Abstract: The invention concerns an opto-electronic connector system with a plug 1 and a receptacle 2. The plug 1 includes a tube shaped housing 3 with an area for introduction or output of an optical signal as well as at least one opto-electronic and/or electro-optical transformer 8a, 8b and a therewith associated optical element 7 for beam guidance. Beyond this, electrical contacts 10 for input or output of an electrical signal are provided, which are connected with the one or more transformers (8a, 8b) via amplifier stage 9a, 9b. The tube shaped housing 3 is preferably in the form a cylinder or truncated cone, which engages in a corresponding recess 4 in the receptacle 2 when in the connected condition. The receptacle 2 is adapted for integration on a circuit board. The opto-electronic connector system has been found to be particularly small in its external dimensions.

Abstract: An open-loop and closed-loop control method is described for starting up or shutting down a process component of a technical process. At least one manipulated variable that is fed to the process is formed by a control device and an upstream model-assisted pilot control. The pilot control contains an optimizer and a process model. The optimizer is fed at least one command variable for the technical process. At least one optimized model manipulated variable which the optimizer outputs is fed to a process model of the pilot control and, is added to at least one output variable of the control device to form the manipulated variable. A model output variable of the process model is fed to the control device as a set-point and fed back to the optimizer along with variables which cannot be measured in the technical process. A device for implementing the method is also described.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical connector system for data busses, in which optical elements are integrated in the connector and in the connector socket for redirecting the light. With this connector system the light guided along the bus line is decoupled to the optical receiver of a supplemental bus participant and the light transmitted from the supplemental participant is coupled into the bus line. The connector socket is either integrated in the bus line or a bus bridge is subsequently added to the bus line.

Abstract: An optical transmitting/receiving module including a support plate with passive reflectors, one or several optical fibers, a transmitter and a receiver. The support plate has a specular coating and therefore has an opaque surface. The surface of the support plate is structured by means of embossment or stamping. A surface emitting laser diode with a vertical resonator (VCSEL) may be particularly suitable as an optical transmitter in conjunction with a photodiode which serves as the receiver. The transmitting/receiving fibers may include multimode optical fibers.

Abstract: A connecting housing for optical transmission lines, consisting of an upper and a lower housing part, which are joined in the manner of a snap fastener. Once the housing is connected, a free beam distance appears between the optical transmission lines, in which optical elements are arranged for focussing and/or deflecting the light beam.