Abstract: The invention relates to compounds containing carbonate groups and carbonyl groups and having the general formula ##STR1## in which R stands for a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a radical R.sup.1, whereR.sup.1 has the following formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 stand for H, alkyl, OH, O-alkyl, SH, S-alkyl, halogen, N(alkyl).sub.2, or N(alkyl)(aryl) and at least one but not more than three of the radicals R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 stand for a radical of the formula ##STR3## in which A, B and C stand for alkylene, cycloalkylene, oxaalkylene, polyoxaalkylene or arylene, k and l both stand for an integer from 1 to 80, and the end group Z stands for alkyl, aryl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyloxy, or aryl.These compounds are suitable for use as emulsifiers for dispersions.

Abstract: Precast concrete which is coated with a copolymer A with a glass transition temperature of rom -25.degree. to +30.degree. C. and composed ofa) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a monomer of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each --H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.3 is a bridge of from 1 to 20 carbons,R.sup.4 is --C(O)R.sup.6, --C(O)OR.sup.6 or -CNR.sup.5 is --H, --C(OR)R.sup.9, --C(O)OR.sup.9 or --CNX is --O-- or --NR.sup.7 --,Z is a single bond, --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --NR.sup.8 -- or --O--C(O)-- andR.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are each --H, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl of up to 12 carbons,b) from 85 to 99.

Abstract: Shaped articles are produced from a finely particulate material as aggregate and an aqueous binder preparation containing an acrylate polymer by moistening the aggregate with the binder preparation, making it into the desired shape and then drying it, using a binder preparation whose binder is an acrylate polymer whose glass transition range is relatively high and which is formed from (A) a predominant amount of methyl methacrylate, (B) a minor amount of (meth) acrylic acid, (C) a minor amount of an optional alkyl acrylate and (D) a small optional amount of another specific polymerizable compound.

Abstract: A shaped article is obtainable by impregnating or coating a preform composed in the main of mineral fibers, nonfibrous mineral fillers and starch with a composition which contains a binder comprising a copolymer composed ofa) 60-95% by weight of methyl methacrylate (monomer I),b) 5-40% by weight of acrylic or methacrylic acid (monomer II)c) 0-35% by weight of one or more acrylic esters of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkanol (monomer III),d) 0-5% by weight of a copolymerizable olefinically polyunsaturated monomer (monomer IV), ande) 0-5% by weight of another copolymerizable monomer (monomer V)in polymerized form, the weight percentages of monomers I, II, III and V having been selected within the stated limits in such a way that a polymer composed of these monomers only would have a glass transition temperature of from 60.degree. to 125.degree. C.

Abstract: A concrete roof tile is coated with an unfilled or aggregate- and/or pigment-filled film of a copolymer containing (a) from 0.03 to 2% by weight of tin in the form of a polymerizable organotin compound (b) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide and/or vinylsulfonic acid and (c) from 0.1 to 5% by weight of carbonyl-containing monomers crosslinked with certain dicarboxodihydrazides, besides (d) at least two (meth)acrylic esters of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkanols and/or styrene as copolymerized units in such an amount and such mixing ratios that the copolymer has a glass transition temperature of -15 to +10.degree. C. prior to crosslinking.

Abstract: Efflorescence phenomena on mineral substrates are prevented by coating the surface of the mineral substrates with aqueous polyacrylate dispersions and drying the coating, if necessary at elevated temperatures, by a process in which a mixture of(A) a dispersion of a copolymer of(a) (meth)acrylates of alkanols which are of 3 to 20 carbon atoms and have a tertiary CH group,(b) styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, tert-butyl (meth)acrylate and/or (meth)acrylonitrile and(c) mono- and/or dicarboxylic acids of 3 to 5 carbon atoms and/or or their amides which may be substituted at the N atom by alkyl, and(B) an aromatic ketoneis used for the coating, and the coating is exposed to ultraviolet light.

Abstract: Bridged, water-soluble copolymers are obtainable by(A) copolymerization of a monomer mixture of(a) from 50 to 99 mol % of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide,(b) from 50 to 1 mol % of a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer containing actual groups and(c) from 0 to 20 mol % of monomers which differ from (a) and (b),in the presence of a polymerization initiator under conditions such that the acetal groups of the monomers (b) undergo virtually no hydrolysis,(B) hydrolysis of the acetal groups of the monomers (b), present as copolymerized units in the copolymers (A),(C) condensation of the copolymers (B) containing aldehyde groups at a pH above 5, at most to a degree such that the resulting condensates are still water-soluble and(D) stopping of the condensation reaction by adding acid until the pH reaches 3 or less,and are used as paper stock additives in papermaking for increasing the wet strength of paper.