Abstract: A leak detectable refrigeration composition comprising an effective amount of a fluorescent, alkyl substituted perylene dye dissolved in a refrigeration oil and a polyhalogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant, is prepared for use in refrigeration systems in automobile air conditioning systems, commercial refrigeration systems, and the like. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light, there is sufficient fluorescence by the refrigeration liquid to allow one to visually detect a leak in the system due to the presence of the dye at the source of the leak. Small leaks which were previously nondetectable with dye coloring systems detectable in normal light may now be detected due to the greater visibility of the fluorescent dye under an ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A leak detectable refrigeration composition including a polyhalogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant, a refrigeration oil, or a mixture of the two having a fluorescent dye dissolved therein, is prepared for use in refrigeration systems in automobile air conditioning systems, commercial refrigeration systems, and the like. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light, there is sufficient fluoresence by the refrigeration liquid to allow one to visually detect a leak in the system due to the presence of the dye at the source of the leak. Small leaks which were previously nondetectable with dye coloring systems detectable in normal light may now be detected due to the greater visibility of the flourescent dye under an ultraviolet light.

Abstract: Rigid, solid, non-cellular, urethane polymer compositions can be prepared which are the reaction product of at least one polyhydric alcohol with at least one organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a low molecular weight urethane modifier adduct which is the reaction product prepared, for instance, by reacting (1) at least one polyisocyanate and at least one monohydric alcohol or (2) at least one monofunctional isocyanate with at least one monohydric or polyhydric alcohol. Said adduct can also consist of mixtures of (1) and (2). Such polymers when prepared in the presence of any catalyst for urethane formation which is a liquid or solid at ambient temperature, set quickly to solid, rigid polymers having a density of at least one gram per cubic centimeter. They can be demolded after combining the materials, without the addition of heat from an external source, within a period of less than one minute to about 15 minutes.

Abstract: Compositions of vanadyl alcoholate, organic titanate and polyhydric alcohol compounds are effective esterification and transesterification catalysts.

Abstract: Complexes of stannous carboxylate and tetraalkyl titanate are effective esterification and transesterification catalysts.

Abstract: Complexes of quadrivalent organotin and quadrivalent organotitanium compounds are effective esterification and transesterification catalysts.