Abstract: The present invention features use of evanescent field sensing to detect or evaluate unpurified, unlabeled analytes in raw samples. Capture molecules capable of binding to an analyte of interest can be immobilized to a sensing surface of an evanescent field sensor. The interaction between the analyte of interest in a raw sample and the immobilized capture molecules alters the refractive index at the sensing surface, thereby producing a detectable signal in the reflected light from the surface. Raw samples amenable to the present invention include, but are not limited to, cell lysates, tissue extracts, bodily fluid, or biologically-derived samples. Evanescent field sensors suitable for the present invention include, but are not limited to, grating-coupled waveguides.

Abstract: A combined computer keyboard and radio apparatus for use with a computer having a CPU contained in a housing comprising a keyboard housing, the keyboard housing is separate from the computer CPU housing and a plurality of alphanumeric keys are mounted in said keyboard housing, a selectively tunable radio unit located in the keyboard housing having circuitry isolated and independent of the keyboard circuitry and at least one speaker mounted within said keyboard housing for audibly reproducing the radio frequency waves received by said radio receiver whereby the radio unit may be played for the listening pleasure of the user without impacting, using or otherwise impacting the resources of the computer to which the combined computer keyboard and radio apparatus is interfaced.