Abstract: A torque bar on a bicycle braking system comprising of a disc brake caliper assembly including an axle housing, a torque bar mounted to the stator of an inverted hub motor and vehicle frame, wherein said torque bar is attached to the vehicle frame and disc brake caliper and the torque produced by the stator of inverted hub motor is transmitted to the vehicle frame through said torque bar.

Abstract: The EMS modular battery pack is a convenient and maintainable battery pack that encompasses several modules that are fixed to a rigid structure that carries the battery management system and each module contains several cells which are connected in series via welded leads and are supported mechanically within each module. The division of module facilitates the removal of non-functional cells within the module with ease and the battery pack also provides a battery management system that detects a non functional module using the sensing circuitry built in each module. The modular battery pack design facilitates various configurations of battery pack both electrically and mechanically since any number of modules can be combined to build a battery pack.

Abstract: A method and system of cooling an enclosure or motor is disclosed. An exemplary permanent magnet electric motor is formed with an external stator and an internal rotor. The motor controller is in thermal proximity to the motor but is thermally isolated from the motor by an air chamber. In one exemplary embodiment, one or more heat sinks are provided to create efficient heat removal paths. In another exemplary embodiment, one of more heat pipes are located in the system.

Abstract: One or more wheels of an electrically powered vehicle contains a motor rotor and a motor stator that is mounted on an integrated structure having a motor stator mounting element portion and wheel axle portion on each side thereof. The structure is fabricated from a unitary non-ferromagnetic substance. A rotor housing is journalled to the axle portion on both sides of the motor stator mounting element via bearings. A wheel assembly is mounted on the rotor housing thereby to be driven by the rotor. Forced-air cooling is provided through a hollow central passage. A plug separates the passage into two distinct sections, the inlet and the outlet. A plurality of cavities, provided with heat exchanger surfaces, are contained within the stator mounting element portion. Channels at each end of each cavity extend in the radial direction into the central passage.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine, having a stator and rotor, is enclosed in a sealed housing. An impeller fixed to the rotor shaft creates air circulation through the housing and machine components for contact with one or more sealed containers of a coolant medium. The sealed container provides heat transfer from the circulated air through evaporation of the coolant medium. The sealed container has one closed end located within the housing and another closed end external to the housing. Heat from the evaporated coolant medium is transferred to the environment external to the housing through condensation of the vapor at the external end of the container. The sealed container may be stationary or rotatable with the rotor shaft. A plurality of heat transfer containers may be provided.

Abstract: A method and system of cooling an enclosure or motor is disclosed. An exemplary permanent magnet electric motor is formed with an external stator and an internal rotor. The motor controller is in thermal proximity to the motor but is thermally isolated from the motor by an air chamber. In one exemplary embodiment, one or more heat sinks are provided to create efficient heat removal paths. In another exemplary embodiment, one of more heat pipes are located in the system.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine, having a stator and rotor, is enclosed in a sealed housing. An impeller fixed to the rotor shaft creates air circulation through the housing and machine components for contact with one or more sealed containers of a coolant medium. The sealed container provides heat transfer from the circulated air through evaporation of the coolant medium. The sealed container has one closed end located within the housing and another closed end external to the housing. Heat from the evaporated coolant medium is transferred to the environment external to the housing through condensation of the vapor at the external end of the container. The sealed container may be stationary or rotatable with the rotor shaft. A plurality of heat transfer containers may be provided.

Abstract: One or more wheels of an electrically powered vehicle contains a motor rotor and a motor stator that is mounted on an integrated structure having a motor stator mounting element portion and wheel axle portion on each side thereof. The structure is fabricated from a unitary non-ferromagnetic substance. A rotor housing is journalled to the axle portion on both sides of the motor stator mounting element via bearings. A wheel assembly is mounted on the rotor housing thereby to be driven by the rotor. Forced-air cooling is provided through a hollow central passage. A plug separates the passage into two distinct sections, the inlet and the outlet. A plurality of cavities, provided with heat exchanger surfaces, are contained within the stator mounting element portion. Channels at each end of each cavity extend in the radial direction into the central passage.