Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a mirror oscillating about a first axis upon excitation by a first excitation signal and about a second axis upon excitation by a second excitation signal, a light source projecting a light beam onto the mirror for deflection towards an image plane, the light source being controller according to pixels read-out by an image processor from a buffer, a gaze tracker detecting a user's region of interest, ROI, within the image plane, and a controller modulating one of the excitation signals by a modulation signal which is dependent on the ROI such that the number of passes of the light beam per unit area is higher in the ROI than in a region outside thereof, wherein the number of pixels read-out per unit area by the image processor is higher in the ROI than in a region outside of the ROI.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a mirror assembly, a first mirror of the mirror assembly oscillating about a first axis upon excitation by a first excitation signal and the first or a second mirror of the mirror assembly oscillating about a second axis upon excitation by a second excitation signal, a light source projecting a light beam onto the mirror assembly for deflection by the mirror assembly towards an image area, the light source being controlled according to pixels of image frames, a gaze tracker detecting a user's region of interest, ROI, within the image area, and a controller modulating one of the excitation signals by a first modulation signal which is dependent on the ROI detected by the gaze tracker.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying a virtual scene comprises a display wearable on a user's head and a graphics controller configured to calculate, from scene data representing the virtual scene, image data for the display such that the virtual scene is displayed in the environment irrespective of the head's position and pointing direction, the virtual scene appearing in the image data in a region of scene, wherein the graphics controller is configured to modulate excitation signals of a Lissajous scanning mirror assembly, which diverts the light beam of a light source, by modulation signals which are dependent on the region of scene.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a mirror assembly, a first mirror of the mirror assembly oscillating about a first axis upon excitation by a first excitation signal and the first or a second mirror of the mirror assembly oscillating about a second axis upon excitation by a second excitation signal, a light source projecting a light beam onto the mirror assembly for deflection by the mirror assembly towards an image area, the light source being controlled according to pixels of image frames, a gaze tracker detecting a user's region of interest, ROI, within the image area, and a controller modulating one of the excitation signals by a first modulation signal which is dependent on the ROI detected by the gaze tracker.

Abstract: A sensor element includes a membrane structure suspended on a frame structure, wherein the membrane structure includes a membrane element and an actuator. The membrane structure is deflectable in a first stable deflection state and in a second stable deflection state and is operable in a resonance mode in at least one of the first and the second stable deflection states. The actuator is configured to deflect the membrane structure in a first actuation state into one of the first and the second stable deflection states, and to operate the membrane structure in a second actuation state in a resonance mode having an associated resonance frequency.

Abstract: A sensor element includes a membrane structure suspended on a frame structure, wherein the membrane structure includes a membrane element and an actuator. The membrane structure is deflectable in a first stable deflection state and in a second stable deflection state and is operable in a resonance mode in at least one of the first and the second stable deflection states. The actuator is configured to deflect the membrane structure in a first actuation state into one of the first and the second stable deflection states, and to operate the membrane structure in a second actuation state in a resonance mode having an associated resonance frequency.

Abstract: An acoustic wave sensor may include: a continuous membrane deflectable by acoustic waves to be detected, and a piezoelectric layer provided on the membrane and including a plurality of piezoelectric layer portions respectively equipped with at least two individual electric contact structures configured to electrically connect the respective piezoelectric layer portions. Electric contact structures associated with different piezoelectric layer portions may be separated from each other.

Abstract: Diaphragm element arrangements including at least one bistable diaphragm element, which has a first stable state and a second stable state, and corresponding methods are provided. The bistable diaphragm element can be activated above a changeover threshold in order to change over between the first and the second stable state or below the changeover threshold.

Abstract: Aspects of a microelectromechanical device, an array of microelectromechanical devices, a method of manufacturing a microelectromechanical device, and a method of operating a microelectromechanical device, are discussed herein. The microelectromechanical device may include: a substrate; a diaphragm mechanically coupled to the substrate, the diaphragm comprising a stressed region to buckle the diaphragm into one of two geometrically stable positions; an actuator mechanically coupled to the diaphragm, the actuator comprising a piezoelectric layer over the diaphragm; a controller configured to provide an electrical control signal in response to a digital sound input; wherein the actuator is configured to receive the electrical control signal to exert a mechanical piezoelectric force on the diaphragm via the piezoelectric layer to move the diaphragm to create a sound wave.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical loudspeaker may include: a plurality of elementary loudspeakers each including a drive unit and a diaphragm deflectable by the drive unit, and a controller configured to respectively supply control signals to the drive units. The drive units may be respectively configured to deflect the corresponding diaphragms according to the respective control signals supplied by the controller to generate acoustic waves. The control signal supplied to at least one control unit may have at least one local extremum and a global extremum of a curvature of the control signal with a highest absolute value of the curvature may be located at a position of the control signal preceding a position of the at least one local extremum of the control signal.

Abstract: Diaphragm element arrangements including at least one bistable diaphragm element, which has a first stable state and a second stable state, and corresponding methods are provided. The bistable diaphragm element can be activated above a changeover threshold in order to change over between the first and the second stable state or below the changeover threshold.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical loudspeaker may include: a plurality of elementary loudspeakers each including a drive unit and a diaphragm deflectable by the drive unit, and a controller configured to respectively supply control signals to the drive units. The drive units may be respectively configured to deflect the corresponding diaphragms according to the respective control signals supplied by the controller to generate acoustic waves. The control signal supplied to at least one control unit may have at least one local extremum and a global extremum of a curvature of the control signal with a highest absolute value of the curvature may be located at a position of the control signal preceding a position of the at least one local extremum of the control signal.

Abstract: An acoustic wave sensor may include: a continuous membrane deflectable by acoustic waves to be detected, and a piezoelectric layer provided on the membrane and including a plurality of piezoelectric layer portions respectively equipped with at least two individual electric contact structures configured to electrically connect the respective piezoelectric layer portions. Electric contact structures associated with different piezoelectric layer portions may be separated from each other.

Abstract: Aspects of a microelectromechanical device, an array of microelectromechanical devices, a method of manufacturing a microelectromechanical device, and a method of operating a microelectromechanical device, are discussed herein. The microelectromechanical device may include: a substrate; a diaphragm mechanically coupled to the substrate, the diaphragm comprising a stressed region to buckle the diaphragm into one of two geometrically stable positions; an actuator mechanically coupled to the diaphragm, the actuator comprising a piezoelectric layer over the diaphragm; a controller configured to provide an electrical control signal in response to a digital sound input; wherein the actuator is configured to receive the electrical control signal to exert a mechanical piezoelectric force on the diaphragm via the piezoelectric layer to move the diaphragm to create a sound wave.