Abstract: An electrostatic actuation method for micro-electromechanical systems, comprising: providing a first electrode (10) integral to a movable part (100) of the micro-electromechanical system, and providing at least a second electrode (20, 20?) also integral to the same movable part (100) of the micro-electromechanical system, there being a gap (40) between said first and second electrodes, where said first and second electrodes are electrically isolated from each other using an electrically non-conductive material (30), inducing a charge in the electrodes which generates a force between the electrodes, said force acting between the electrodes causing the deformation of the movable part of the micro-electromechanical system. The invention also relates to an electrostatic actuator with integral electrodes for micro-electromechanical systems.

Abstract: A protection system and single-phase control of high voltage with close loop dry insulation is provided. A detector detects the voltage through the influence of the electrical field in conductors, insulators and breakers, mainly, turning the field into an electronic signal. This signal is processed by means of a control and protection unit and responds through a trip mechanism so that if needed the contacts get opened or closed to allow or stop the flow of current through the system. A method to increase the life expectation of the contacts in the vacuum breaker chambers is also provided.

Abstract: A protection system and single-phase control of high voltage with close loop dry insulation is provided. A detector detects the voltage through the influence of the electrical field in conductors, insulators and breakers, mainly, turning the field into an electronic signal. This signal is processed by means of a control and protection unit and responds through a trip mechanism so that if needed the contacts get opened or closed to allow or stop the flow of current through the system. A method to increase the life expectation of the contacts in the vacuum breaker chambers is also provided.

Abstract: A process of altering the three dimensional structures of saccharides involved in an infective procedure, comprising electromagnetic energy treatment to induce a change in the three dimensional structure of relevant macromolecules. The process reactivates the recognition mechanisms of antigens and antibodies.

Abstract: A spark plug adaptor for an internal combustion engine is provided with two chambers, an upper preliminary chamber and a lower secondary chamber. The upper chamber encompasses the spark plug electrodes and communicates with the lower chamber through an acceleration orifice. The lower chamber has a deflector means for imparting turbulence to the combustion products from the upper chamber.