Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the treatment of water using biochar. More specifically, the treatment of flowback water from drilling operations such as hydraulic fracturing or the treatment of tailing water from tar sands production. Such treatment results in the reduction of various constituents such as metal ions, organic compounds and various metals to provide recycled water suitable for reuse or discharge.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the treatment of water using biochar. More specifically, the treatment of flowback water from drilling operations such as hydraulic fracturing or the treatment of tailing water from tar sands production. Such treatment results in the reduction of various constituents such as metal ions, organic compounds and various metals to provide recycled water suitable for reuse or discharge.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for accelerated hydriding of metallic substrates to evaluate the effects of hydrogen adsorption on substrate performance. The method includes applying to the substrate a metal that has an activation energy for hydrogen adsorption that is lower than the substrate activation energy for hydrogen adsorption. This is then followed by hydriding and evaluation of the effects of hydriding on substrate mechanical properties.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of lipids from living cells utilizing liquid carbon dioxide optionally in the presence of a porous inorganic matrix or polymer coating as well as additional solvents to improve extraction efficiency. The cells may also optionally be treated a photosensitive material to promote cellular photosynthesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for accelerated hydriding of metallic substrates to evaluate the effects of hydrogen adsorption on substrate performance. The method includes applying to the substrate a metal that has an activation energy for hydrogen adsorption that is lower than the substrate activation energy for hydrogen adsorption. This is then followed by hydriding and evaluation of the effects of hydriding on substrate mechanical properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of converting glycerol into organic reaction products. The method may include mixing glycerol with a monohydric alcohol. The mixture of glycerol and monohydric alcohol is then reacted in the presence of a heterogeneous nano-structured catalyst, wherein the monohydric alcohol is present at subcritical/supercritical temperatures and pressures. This converts the glycerol into one or more reaction products, wherein the reaction products include an oxygenated organic reaction product. Ninety percent or greater of the glycerol is converted.

Abstract: A selective non-catalytic reduction apparatus for exhaust gases comprising a reactor for elevated temperature reduction of NOx comprising an injection zone, internal structure zone and rear zone. The internal structure zone includes packing materials and provides a surface area of 5.0 m2/g to 20 m2/g where the packing material is present in the reactor at a level of 10% to 50% of the reactor volume. The reactor provides one or more of the following: (1) a residence time for exhaust gas of 0.1 seconds to 5.0 seconds; (2) a pressure drop of less than or equal to 1400 Pa/m at an exhaust gas velocity of 1.0 meter/second.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of converting glycerol into organic reaction products. The method may include mixing glycerol with a monohydric alcohol. The mixture of glycerol and monohydric alcohol is then reacted in the presence of a heterogeneous nano-structured catalyst, wherein the monohydric alcohol is present at subcritical/supercritical temperatures and pressures. This converts the glycerol into one or more reaction products, wherein the reaction products include an oxygenated organic reaction product. Ninety percent or greater of the glycerol is converted.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at ketone/water mixtures for treating gas mixtures containing nitric oxides (NOx). The chemical reduction of NOx by the ketone/water mixture affords a relatively less objectionable combustion waste product for discharge into the atmosphere. The gas mixture for treatment of the ketone/water mixture may be preferably regulated to have a level of oxygen of at or below 5.0 vol. %.

Abstract: A method for the continuous production of ester based organic compounds from renewable natural products via supercritical solvent processing in the presence of heterogeneous nano-structured catalysts. Fatty acid triglycerides may therefore be transesterified using heterogeneous nano-structured catalysts in the presence of supercritical alcohols to provide alkyl ester compounds and glycerine.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of lipids from living cells utilizing liquid carbon dioxide optionally in the presence of a porous inorganic matrix or polymer coating as well as additional solvents to improve extraction efficiency. The cells may also optionally be treated a photosensitive material to promote cellular photosynthesis.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for enhancement of syngas production (CO and H2) of a carbon based feedstock with CO2 conversion, which utilized CO2 as an oxygen resource and converts CO2 to CO through chemical reactions. The process includes a thermal plasma reactor and optionally a nonthermal plasma reactor.

Abstract: A method for the continuous production of ester based organic compounds from renewable natural products via supercritical solvent processing in the presence of heterogeneous nano-structured catalysts. Fatty acid triglycerides may therefore be transesterified using heterogeneous nano-structured catalysts in the presence of supercritical alcohols to provide alkyl ester compounds and glycerine.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for enhancement of syngas production (CO and H2) of a carbon based feedstock with CO2 conversion, which utilized CO2 as an oxygen resource and converts CO2 to CO through chemical reactions. The process includes a thermal plasma reactor and optionally a nonthermal plasma reactor.