Abstract: The present invention related to a compound for use in prevention or treatment of a neurodegenerative disease associated with the formation of stress granules. The compound is selected from lipoic acid, lipoamide, dihydrolipoic acid, and dihydrolipoamide. The invention further relates to a method of identifying a compound that modulates a characteristic associated with one or more condensates comprising a condensate-associated molecule, comprising: (a) contacting the compound with a cellular composition comprising one or more condensates or a cellular composition capable of forming one or more condensates, and (b) determining the characteristic associated with the one or more condensates. A modulation in the characteristic, as compared to a reference, indicates that the compound modulates the characteristic associated with the one or more condensates.