Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of NF-AT agonists may be used to promote nerve regeneration or to reduce or inhibit secondary nerve degeneration which may otherwise follow primary CNS or PNS injury, e.g., trauma (e.g., blunt trauma, penetrating trauma), compression [e.g., compression due to tendons and/or inflamed synovial membrane such as in carpal tunnel syndrome], bones [for instance sciatica], or growths [benign or cancerous, including growth of the nerves themselves or of surrounding tissue]) hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke or damages caused by surgery such as tumor excision. In certain embodiments, NF-AT agonists may be used to treat spinal cord injuries and promote nerve grafts.