Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, devices and computer readable media are provided in relation to firmware encryption. In one example, a method is provided, the method for providing firmware to an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a security module having a physical unclonable function (PUF), the security module configured to establish a firmware key pair (FPK, FSK) based on a challenge and response to the PUF, the firmware key pair comprising a firmware public key (FPK) and a firmware secret key (FSK). The method comprises causing a hash of the firmware to be signed using a secret key of a key pair to obtain a signature over the hash, the key pair comprising a public key and the secret key, wherein the public key is embedded securely in the electronic device. The method further comprises encrypting the firmware and the signature over the hash using a server encryption key.