Abstract: The present invention may comprise a method for a treatment plan for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the method comprising of acquiring data of oral anatomy of a patient; creating a treatment plan for the patient for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the end result of the treatment plan for the patient being a 3D model; printing out a physical model of 3D model; mounting the physical model of the maxillary arch and mandibular arch of the patient's oral anatomy onto a dental articulator to evaluate if at least one of the following exists: if the functional occlusion data of the patient is in centric relation or if malocclusion exists between the maxillary arch and the mandibular arch; applying any corrections to the 3D model from the step of determining if malocclusion exists, to create functional occlusion data; combining the functional occlusion data with data of the oral anatomy of the patient to create a virtual treatment solution; and creating orthodontic appliances from the virtual treatment

Abstract: A liquid medication dispenser is provided having a dispenser housing with a housing interior. A plurality of syringe openings may be provided in the dispenser housing. A housing lid may be carried by the dispenser housing. A plurality of medication container seats may be provided in the housing lid. A plurality of medication dispensing openings may be provided in the plurality of medication container seats, respectively. A face plate may be carried by the dispenser housing. A plurality of syringe barrel cavities may be provided in the face plate and disposed in aligned or registering relationship with respect to the plurality of syringe openings, respectively. The syringe barrel cavities may have different sizes. A plurality of medication distribution assemblies may establish fluid communication between the plurality of medication dispensing openings, respectively, and the plurality of syringe openings, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention may comprise a method for a treatment plan for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the method comprising: Acquiring data of oral anatomy of a patient; Creating a treatment plan for the patient for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the end result of the treatment plan for the patient being a 3D model; Printing out a physical model of 3D model; Mounting the physical model of the maxillary arch and mandibular arch of the patient's oral anatomy onto a dental articulator to evaluate if at least one of the following exists: 2) if the functional occlusion data of the patient is in centric relation or 2) if malocclusion exists between the maxillary arch and the mandibular arch; Applying any corrections to the 3D model from the step of determining if malocclusion exists, to create functional occlusion data; Combining the functional occlusion data with data of the oral anatomy of the patient to create a virtual treatment solution; and Creating orthodontic appliances from the virtual tre

Abstract: The present invention may comprise a method for a treatment plan for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the method comprising: Acquiring data of oral anatomy of a patient; Creating a treatment plan for the patient for orthodontic movement of natural teeth, the end result of the treatment plan for the patient being a 3D model; Printing out a physical model of 3D model; Mounting the physical model of the maxillary arch and mandibular arch of the patient's oral anatomy onto a dental articulator to evaluate if at least one of the following exists: 2) if the functional occlusion data of the patient is in centric relation or 2) if malocclusion exists between the maxillary arch and the mandibular arch; Applying any corrections to the 3D model from the step of determining if malocclusion exists, to create functional occlusion data; Combining the functional occlusion data with data of the oral anatomy of the patient to create a virtual treatment solution; and Creating orthodontic appliances from the virtual tre

Abstract: A method for controlling an automotive internal combustion engine having direct fuel injection is described, with the method comprising a fuel adaption part in which a fuel quality parameter (F) is determined using a first fuel quality parameter determination procedure when the engine exhibits predetermined operation conditions and a control part which uses the value of the fuel quality parameter (F) or of a fuel combustion characteristics parameter derived from the fuel quality parameter (F) as a target value (?T) in a closed-loop control of the start of injection (SOI) at the engine, with the closed-loop control using a second fuel quality parameter determination procedure being different from the first fuel quality parameter determination procedure to determine an actual value (?A) of the fuel quality parameter (F) or of the fuel combustion characteristics parameter derived from the fuel quality parameter (F).

Abstract: A method, and corresponding device, for processing a pressure signal from a pressure sensor mounted in a combustion chamber to detect a combustion in an internal combustion engine. The method provides a pressure signal; filters the pressure signal with a filtration mechanism having a variable gain; generates an output signal representative of the filtered pressure signal; generates a signal representative of the error between the pressure signal and the output signal; and determines if the combustion has occurred during an expansion phase of the thermodynamic cycle.

Abstract: A method for controlling an automotive internal combustion engine (1) having direct fuel injection is described, with the method comprising a fuel adaption part in which a fuel quality parameter (F) is determined using a first fuel quality parameter determination procedure when the engine exhibits predetermined operation conditions and a control part which uses the value of the fuel quality parameter (F) or of a fuel combustion characteristics parameter derived from the fuel quality parameter (F) as a target value (?T) in a closed-loop control of the start of injection (SOI) at the engine (1), with the closed-loop control using a second fuel quality parameter determination procedure being different from the first fuel quality parameter determination procedure to determine an actual value (?A) of the fuel quality parameter (F) or of the fuel combustion characteristics parameter derived from the fuel quality parameter (F).

Abstract: A method for estimating a level of ethanol in a fuel injected into an internal combustion engine over a number (n) of cycles (n being an integer greater than or equal to 1). The method includes: determining start of combustion of an injected fuel for each of the cycles; calculating the average combustion start angle from combustion start angles recorded for all of the n cycles; determining the end of combustion of an injected fuel for each of the cycles; calculating the average combustion end angle from the combustion end angles recorded for all of the n cycles; calculating the combustion time between the combustion start time and the combustion end time; and deducting the level of ethanol from the combustion time on the basis of a pre-determined model or a list of combustion times and associated ethanol levels.

Abstract: A method, and corresponding device, for processing a pressure signal from a pressure sensor mounted in a combustion chamber to detect a combustion in an internal combustion engine. The method provides a pressure signal; filters the pressure signal with a filtration mechanism having a variable gain; generates an output signal representative of the filtered pressure signal; generates a signal representative of the error between the pressure signal and the output signal; and determines if the combustion has occurred during an expansion phase of the thermodynamic cycle.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a self-ligating lingual orthodontic bracket includes a base, flanges extending from the base to define a slot, and a clip. The clip applies a force to an object to secure the wire within the slot in a self-ligating manner. The clip is adapted to be urged vertically toward the occlusal plane from a closed position to an open position to expose the slot to receive the wire, the clip being biased against the second flange when the clip is in the open position due to the applied force. The clip is adapted to be urged vertically away from the occlusal plane from the open position to the closed position to secure the wire within the slot, the clip being biased against the wire when the clip is in the closed position and the wire is secured within the slot due to the applied force.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a self-ligating lingual orthodontic bracket is provided. A base is adapted for coupling to a lingual surface of a tooth in a person's arch. First and second flanges extend from the base to define a wire slot adapted to receive an orthodontic wire inserted into the wire slot. A flexible retaining clip is adapted to move generally vertically toward and away from the occlusal plane within a clip slot formed through the bracket. The retaining clip is adapted to apply a resilient force to an object positioned between the first and third portions, which is used to secure the orthodontic wire within the wire slot in a self-ligating manner. The retaining clip is adapted to be urged generally vertically toward the occlusal plane from a closed position to an open position to expose the wire slot to receive the orthodontic wire, the retaining clip being biased against the second flange when the retaining clip is in the open position due to the applied resilient force.