Abstract: The present invention is directed to a membrane reactor for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, said membrane reactor comprising a reaction compartment (2) comprising a catalyst bed, a permeate compartment (4) and a membrane separating the reaction compartment and the permeate compartment, wherein said permeate compartment comprises a condensing surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for molten metal pyrolysis of a feed comprising hydrocarbons and nitrogen and/or hydrogen sulphide to produce solid carbon and one or more of liquid sulfur, hydrogen gas and ammonia gas. The molten salt layer contains two reaction zones of different temperatures, a high temperature zone for pyrolysing the hydrocarbon and a low temperature zone for pyrolysing the hydrogen sulphide and/or forming the ammonia. Liquid salt is used to separate produced solid carbon and optionally the produced liquid sulphur from the molten metal and to facilitate isolation of produced carbon. The invention further relates to a reactor for performing the method according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for molten metal pyrolysis of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen gas and carbon. Liquid salt is used to separate produced carbon from the molten metal and to facilitate isolation of produced carbon.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a membrane reactor for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, said membrane reactor comprising a reaction compartment (2) comprising a catalyst bed, a permeate compartment (4) and a membrane separating the reaction compartment and the permeate compartment, wherein said permeate compartment comprises a condensing surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream comprising biogas. In accordance with the invention the gas stream is contacted with an oxidizing agent present in a vessel, whereby said hydrogen sulfide is oxidized into elemental sulfur and said oxidizing agent is reduced, wherein oxygen containing gas is also fed to said vessel, wherein said oxygen oxidizes at least part of said reduced oxidizing agent.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the purification of gas streams comprising methane and hydrophobic pollutants. The invention provides a method for purifying a gas stream comprising methane and one or more hydrophobic pollutants comprising the steps of contacting the gas stream with a lean liquid stream comprising micelles of a surfactant or a separate surfactant phase. The resulting rich liquid stream comprises at least part of the hydrophobic pollutants. By subsequently changing the temperature of the rich liquid stream, a system of a pollutants-poor phase and a pollutants-rich phase is obtained. These phases are optionally separated and from the aqueous stream the lean liquid stream comprising micelles and/or surfactant can be regenerated.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for absorption of terpenes from methane comprising gas streams. The method for absorbing terpenes from a methane comprising gas stream, comprises the step of contacting said stream with a liquid that comprises water and a terpene absorbing agent thereby producing a terpene rich liquid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream comprising biogas. In accordance with the invention the gas stream is contacted with an oxidizing agent present in a vessel, whereby said hydrogen sulfide is oxidized into elemental sulfur and said oxidizing agent is reduced, wherein oxygen containing gas is also fed to said vessel, wherein said oxygen oxidizes at least part of said reduced oxidizing agent.