Abstract: Improved systems and methods for optical amplification of WDM signals are provided. Multiple sub-bands of a WDM signal are amplified in a first common amplification stage and separated from one another. The separated sub-bands are amplified by independent parallel amplification stages. Each of the independent parallel amplification stages is equipped with a corresponding optical pump energy source. Furthermore, all of these optical pump energy sources together also provide the pump energy for the first common amplification stage. This architecture provides low noise figure and independent power regulation for each of the sub-bands while employing only N−1 pump energy sources for N amplification stages, thus greatly reducing space requirements and cost.

Abstract: Apparatus for predisposing, handling and assembling axial electronic components (C, P) (or other elements) on printed circuit cards and for equivalent uses, which includes cutting tools (34) and bending tools (88) for, respectively, cutting and bending the rheophores (R) as well as for retaining the shaped component, which all operate in a same and single station; its transfer to the operative station being carried out by the mobile hand of a robot whose body (50) carries some of said tools.